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EN
The author deals with the analogy of the dynamics of language change and the change in tradition within the wider project of the theory of tradition. He relies particularly on the work of German philologists. Special attention is paid to theories of semantic change from the point of view of historical semantics, theory of communication, as well as variationist sociolinguistics. He also considers the possibility of applying Rudi Keller‘s concept of "an invisible hand" to the dynamics of language change. Christian tradition has a language character. Therefore, it can be examined not only in analogy with language, but the change in tradition can be analysed directly as the change in language.
EN
Over the course of history distinct ecclesial communities emerged within Christianity emphasizing different values and varied aspects of the one faith. They meet for conversations and mutually recognize one another as separate corporative entities with their own identities and responsibilities. Their members also constitute a single temple inhabited by one Spirit, incorporated by baptism into one Lord and with one God at work in them, so that they are in some sense one community with a single identity. A theologian may obtain new insight into this mystery through the Dialogical Self Theory, which construes the human self as constituted by a multitude of I-positions with different, often contradictory, narrative voices, each telling its own story. It allows for a positive interpretation of the organizational division of the one Catholic Church as a process of articulating the ecclesial I-positions. This enables the Church to lead an internal dialogue in which it can be transformed and discover the fullness of the meanings entrusted to it. The paper presents DST intended to describe human individuals and its possible application to ecclesial reality.
EN
The aim of the present article is an attempt at presenting the influence of the heritage of Metropolitan of Leningrad Nikodim (Rotov) on the activity of Kiryll I, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia. The topic has been discussed in three parts. At first, the author briefly presented the life and work of the Metropolitan of Leningrad. Next, he discussed selected aspects of life and work of Patriarch Kiryll in juxtaposition with the work of Metropolitan Nikodim. Thus, the author paid special attention to the three following issues: their respective formations and Church careers, symphony of church and state as reflected in their respective policies, their contacts with the Vatican. The final part includes the outcome of the author’s reflection and his conclusions. Thus, the heritage of Metropolitan Nikodim, especially its aspect concerning cooperation of church and state, was an important source of inspiration for Patriarch Kiryll’s work in the Church. The present investigation made also clear significant differences in both hierarchs’ attitudes toward some issues, especially the dialogue with the Roman Catholic Church. This is why, eventually, Patriarch Kiryll cannot be considered a faithful follower of the Metropolitan of Leningrad.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba ukazania wpływu dziedzictwa leningradzkiego metropolity Nikodema (Rotowa) na działalność patriarchy Moskwy i całej Rusi Cyryla I. Temat został rozwinięty w trzech częściach. Na początku przedstawiono w dużym skrócie życie i dzieło leningradzkiego Metropolity. Następnie omówiono wybrane aspekty życia i działalności patriarchy Cyryla w relacji do dzieła metropolity Nikodema. W związku z tym zwrócono szczególną uwagę na trzy kwestie: formacja i kariera kościelna, symfonia Cerkwi i państwa, kontakty z Watykanem. W końcowej części zestawiono wyniki refleksji i sformułowano wnioski. Ostatecznie stwierdzono, że spuścizna metropolity Nikodema, zwłaszcza zaś jej aspekt dotyczący współpracy między Cerkwią i państwem, była ważnym źródłem inspiracji dla kościelnej działalności patriarchy Cyryla. W toku badań uwidoczniono jednocześnie znaczące różnice w podejściu obu hierarchów do niektórych kwestii, w tym zwłaszcza do dialogu z Kościołem katolickim. Wszystko to sprawia, że patriarchy Cyryla nie można uznać jako wiernego kontynuatora dzieła leningradzkiego Metropolity.
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