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Framing public policy issues of the City of Niš in the context of the 1700 th anniversary of the Edict of Milan

100%
Simeunović Bajić N., Manić L., Majdarević A.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
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2013
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vol. 20
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issue 1
EN
The aim of this paper is to define how the City of Niš (the birthplace of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great) plans to prepare for the celebration of the 1700 th anniversary of the Edict of Milan. This will be a  great test of efficiency for the public policy. This paper will try to detect media frameworks through which the importance of certain subjects about public policy of the City of Niš is emphasized. This policy is directly related to preparation in different public sectors, especially in tourism and culture. As a  methodological approach, we applied content analysis in order to achieve this detection.
PL
Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim
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Svoboda a právo v perspektivě obratu konstantinovského a za Jana XXIII.

75%
Pastwa A.
Studia theologica
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2019
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vol. 1
169-182
EN
Two events constitute the historical structure of the hereby study and an impulse to undertake reflection upon the contemporarily significant – e.g. within the area of the broadly defined ecumenia – the topic of the relationship between: freedom and law, in the depiction of the Catholic Church. The Edict of Milan, published jointly by the Emperors of the western and eastern part of the Empire 1700 years ago, established the freedom of religion in the Roman Empire. This epochal step taken by Emperor Constantine the Great – for the Emperor of the western part of the Empire is believed to have been the initiator and executor of the transformation process – is referred to as the "Constantinian turn", initially denoting the equality of rights of the Christian Church and other religions (from that moment on Christians, after the period of persecution, could, without impediments, practice their religion), and additionally bonded the Church with the state to such an extent that Christianity became the official religion of the Imperium Romanum. 50 years ago, almost on the eve of the ecumenical Second Vatican Council, Pope John XXIII., a great promoter of the aggiornamento of the Catholic Church and its law (Codex Iuris Canonici), published the celebrated encyclical Pacem in Terris. The connection between this document and the vital issues of Vaticanum II is so fundamental and deep that the name of the above­‑mentioned Pope deserves to even be more associated with the breakthrough/turn of the Second Vatican Council – in the legally relevant areas of: ecclesiology (Lumen Gentium Constitution), ecumenism (Unitatis Redintegratio Decree, Nostra Aetate Declaration) and religious freedom (Dignitatis Humanae Declaration). Suffice it to say, that the basic doctrinal premise of the "Encyclical of the Love for Man" (as it was acclaimed by the commentators) is a thesis regarding the natural and supernatural dignity of a human being, which is derived directly from God’s Natural law (PT, n. 3). This is precisely where the answer to the question – are why the rights of a human being primary and inalienable (PT, n. 9, 145) and as such cannot be confined or abolished by any human authority (PT, n. 60) – is to be found. We shall also descry the affirmation of the Augustinian postulate: credere non potest (homo) nisi volens (In Evangelium Iohannis Tractatus, 26,2), leading to a renewed – ingrained in tradition – approach on the part of the Catholic Church to the issue of religious freedom (Let us add: an approach significantly different from the preconciliar religious tolerance). A sentence from the Encyclical is helpful informing us that: “also among Man’s rights is that of being able to worship God in accordance with the right dictates of his own conscience, and to profess his religion both in private and in public” (PT, n. 14). This constitutes a forerunner to the acclaimed proclamation from the conciliar declaration on religious freedom: "It is one of the major tenets of Catholic doctrine that Man’s response to God in faith must be free: no one, therefore, is to be forced to embrace the Christian faith against his own will. This doctrine is contained in the word of God and it was constantly proclaimed by the Fathers of the Church" (DH, n. 10). The doctrinal context, outlined in such a way, allows for the fundamental determinants of the canon law to be more precisely displayed (in the titular ecumenical vista), namely: in the general depiction – the originality of Communion Law, which can clearly be defined by means of Ecclesia iuris; in the detailed depiction – (1) religious freedom and, tightly related to it, the integral and living overtone of depositum fidei, as fundamental principles of the legal order in the Church, (2) the sameness of the aim of the Church law ad intra and ad extra in putting into effect the divine­‑human Communio, (3) the synodal character of the Church’s structure, which permits references to the Church law as the order of service (diakonia), (4) the universal mission of the Church and the ecumenical opening towards the world related to it, which determines the open position the science of canon law adopts towards the legal culture of every environment in which the Church is present and where it functions.
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Edykt tolerancyjny a rozwój tradycji liturgicznej

51%
Ławreszuk M. k.
Rocznik Teologiczny
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2014
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vol. 56
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issue 1
73-88
PL
W 313 roku cesarze Licyniusz i Konstantyn Wielki skierowali list do zarządców wschodnich prowincji, w którym przyznali chrześcijanom prawo swobodnego wyznawania wiary. Dokument ten stał się znany jako tzw. „Edykt Mediolański” i bezpośrednio wpłynął na dynamiczny rozwój Kościoła. W niniejszym artykule spróbujemy odpowiedzieć na pytanie, w jaki sposób „Edykt Mediolański” wpłynął na chrześcijańską tradycję liturgiczną? Artykuł wskaże rozwój pisemnej tradycji, zmiany w architekturze sakralnej i ich wpływ na rozwój praktyki liturgicznej. W tekście zostaną również ukazane najbardziej charakterystyczne nowe elementy chrześcijańskiej tradycji liturgicznej IV i początków V wieku.
EN
In 313, the emperors Licinius and Constantine the Great directed a letter to the administrators of the Eastern Provinces. In this letter they admitted the rights for the Christians to freely practice their faith. This document, known as the “Edict of Milan”, directly affected the dynamic growth of the Church. This article tries to answer the question how the “Edict of Milan” affected the Christian liturgical tradition. Article shows the development of a written tradition, changes in Church architecture as well as its influence on the development of liturgical practice. In the text the most characteristic new elements of the liturgical tradition of the fourth and early fifth century were depicted.
4
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About the imperial constitutions issued in Serdica. The imperial constitutions for the Orient and the Occident

51%
Novkirishka-Stoyanova M.
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
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2020
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vol. 18
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issue 3
49-74
PL
Konstytucje cesarskie stanowią podstawowe źródło prawa rzymskiego okresu pryncypatu czy dominatu. Prezentują one rzymski sposób unifikacji prawa wielokulturowego cesarstwa o różnych praktykach ustawodawczych i organizacji sądowniczej, w którym trzeba było zaradzić bardzo różnym problemom wynikającym z zarządzaniem nim. Po podziale cesarstwa na część wschodnią i zachodnią powstał problem mocy prawnej konstytucji stanowionych przez jednego z władców dla całego terytorium państwa, traktowanego jeszcze jako całość. Analiza konstytucji cesarskich ogłoszonych w dawnej Sardyce dostarcza pewnych odpowiedzi w tej kwestii. Miasto jawi się jedną z czasowych stolic cesarstwa na Wschodzie, w oczekiwaniu na Konstantyna, który dokona uszczegółowienia jej kluczowej pozycji i wypowie słowa „Serdica mea Roma est”. W latach 2011–2012 na Uniwersytecie w Sofii był realizowany projekt naukowy mający na celu zarówno przedstawienie palingenezji cesarskiego ustawodawstwa stanowionego w Sardyce i pozycji miasta w okresie późnego cesarstwa, jak i wykazanie, że prawo cesarskie pozostawało żywe w niespokojnym okresie końca III i początku IV wieku. Analiza rodzajów konstytucji i ich tematyki pozwala nam odkryć pierwsze etapy głębokich przemian władzy cesarskiej, które wystąpiły w tym czasie i poznać realizację reform podejmowanych przez Dioklecjana i jego następców, aż do Konstantyna. Przede wszystkim widzimy obraz cesarza Konstantyna Wielkiego – ustawodawcy, administratora, sędziego, stojącego na czele kultu cesarskiego, w czasach gdy chrześcijaństwo zajmowało w cesarstwie pozycję coraz bardziej stabilną. Edykt tolerancyjny Galeriusza z 30 kwietnia 311 r. wydany w Sardyce jawi się jako ten znajdujący sie u podstaw ustawodawstwa sprzyjającego chrześcijanom, a zarazem edyktu mediolańskiego z 313 r.  
EN
Imperial constitutions make the basic source of Roman law in the period of the Principate or the Dominate. They present the Roman manner of unifying multicultural law of the Empire, consisting of various legislative practices and organization of the judiciary, in which it was necessary to solve different problems resulting from managing the state. Following the division of the Empire into the eastern and the western parts, there arose the problem of securing legal power of constitutions implemented by one of the rulers to be binding on the whole territory of the Empire still treated as one whole body. The analysis of the imperial constitutions introduced in the Serdica of old provides certain answers in this respect.The city appears to have been one of the temporal capitals of the Empire in the East, while awaiting Constantine who would confirm its key position by uttering the words: “Serdica mea Roma est”. In the years 2011-2012, in the University of Sofia there was a scientific project run, whose goal was to present the palingenesis of the imperial legislation enacted in Serdica as well as the position of the city in the period of late Empire. Apart from this, it was attempted to prove that the imperial law remained ‘alive’ in the uneasy period between the end to the 3rd century and the beginning of the 4th century. The analysis of the kinds of constitutions and their content allows us to discover the first stages of deep transformations of the Emperor’s power, which occurred at that time, as well as to get to know about the realization of the reforms launched by Diocletian and implemented until the rule of Constantine. First of all, we can see the picture of Emperor Constantine the Great – legislator, administrator, judge, who would promote abiding by the Emperor’s cult in the time when Christianity was winning more and more stable position in the Empire. The Edict of Tolerance, which was issued by Galerius in Serdica on 30 April 311 CE, should be regarded as the one laying the foundations of legislature favourable to Christians and, at the same time, opening the door to passing the Edict of Milan in 313 CE.
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