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Studia theologica
|
2022
|
vol. 3
149-170
EN
The authors analytically and critically study papal statements on Free Masons during the period 1738‒1878. The period 1878‒1983 will be a subject of the following article. The Catholic Magisterium of that historical period did not fully distinguish between Free Masons, Illuminates, Carbonari and other organisations which often have different aims and methods of work. The problem is also a degree of connectedness between Free Masons and the French Revolution. There is no accusation of satanism in any of the papal documents. There is another problem when, based on its experience with Italian and maybe French Lodges, the Papacy pronounced global sentences and judgement over Free Masons of the whole world. For at least last fifty years, many of them have strongly distanced themselves from the Italian Masons of the mentioned period. The principal condemnation of indifferentism, syncretism, deism, and relativism are still valid. With regard to the differences of various Masonic groups, there is a question if these characteristics can be really fully applied on some of them. It is very irresponsible to transmit Papal statements on Free Masons, originating as reactions on the past situations and needs of the Catholic Church, into the present without critical study and understanding of contemporary connections. Furthermore, it is contrary to the spirit of the Second Vatican Council and following Papal documents.
EN
: The ecclesiastical dignitary Jakob Ernst von Lichtenstein­‑Castelcorno (1690–1747) successively served as Bishop in Seckau, Styria (1728–1738) and Olomouc, Moravia (1738– 1745). He completed his career as Archbishop of Salzburg (1745–1747). He was very active in pastoral work, which was central to all his episcopal ministries, in all three positions. He was also willing to work in other dioceses when necessary. During his trip to the spa in Trenčianské Teplice (today’s Slovakia), he, for example, consecrated a church in the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary. As the resident Bishop, Ernst Jakob reserved for himself the conferring of all degrees of priestly ordination, the consecration of churches and the confirmation of the faithful. He ordained a total of 2,599 priests. He consecrated 70 churches and chapels. He consecrated 330 altars and confirmed 357,372 people. His contemporaries did similar things. Jakob Ernst sought to fulfill the ideas of the Council of Trent concerning the role of the Bishop as the “good shepherd” of his faithful.
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