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EN
This paper analyses corruption and licensing in conjunction with elections in Albania. The paper develops an analysis framework utilizing datasets of two types of national licenses, namely licenses for media and notaries about which there have been concerns of transparency in Albania. In the months preceding elections, a higher number of both types of licenses are issued. One possible explanation for the "intensification of licensing" during pre-election months may be corruption, given that licensing is widely perceived as related to corruption in countries with high levels of corruption such as Albania.
EN
The article analyses the selection criteria and key characteristics of electoral campaigns of states aspiring to a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council. The campaigns today are significantly different than in the past, as they cannot simply be run via traditional diplomatic club negotiations between diplomats in New York. Representation on this key UN body entails a much more strategic approach from the state, use of public diplomacy, intense lobbying and substantial resources planned and spent years in advance. If a candidate does not have a “clean slate” from his regional grouping, however, the final result remains unpredictable and rests on a number of interrelated factors, “equal geographical distribution” being among the most important.
The Biblical Annals
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 2
479-486
EN
Florian Wilk – J. Ross Wagner (ed.), Between Gospel and Election. Explorations in the Interpretation of Romans 9-11 (WUNT I/257; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2010). Pp. 554 + XXVII. € 134.00. ISBN 978-3-16-150533-1.
EN
One of the main factors that determines voter turnout is the mobilisation of the constituency of a given party compared with that of its opponents. The turnout in the 2019 European Parliament election in Poland was twice what it had been in previous years, and the result was forecast accordingly. The media initially reported that the victorious PiS had benefitted from new votes. The present article shows that drilling down to the lowest level of administrative unit (viz. the gmina) actually reveals a negative correlation between higher frequency and increased support for PiS in many cases. This implies that PiS did not win solely as a result of new voters being mobilised, but also, and perhaps predominantly, because KE voters switched their allegiance to PiS. Many new voters actually voted for the opposition.
EN
Ideologies are shared via language. Language on the other hand, forms the raw material for dispensing ideology since it is invested by ideology, (Fairclough, 1995:73). According to Wodak (2021), the manifestation of ideology in language is evident in metaphors as well as other forms of linguistic features like lexical meanings, presuppositions, implicatures and coherence. Ideological discourses could be political, religious, economic or social. CMT with reference to Lakoff and Johnson (1980/2003), advanced by Kovecses (2002, 2009, 2010, 2020) have been used for analysis. This paper analyses metaphors that depict the ideology of the popular Kenyan Politician Raila Odinga. His political discourse especially during general elections is characterized by metaphoric language. The key argument in this paper is that, metaphors could manifest ideologies in discourse. Findings indicate that Raila Odinga uses varied metaphors presented in four ideological concepts namely: the socio-democratic ideology; the ideology of conflicts; the savior ideology and the ideology of fear. The socio-democratic ideology projects Raila’s organization of all leaders from various political parties under one coalition that front him as the presidential candidate. The philosophy of solidarity is that all political parties and their leaders have an equal chance to proof themselves as suited for the top seat. Also, Raila projects Kenya in a socio-economic crises and he presents himself as the savior. He therefore calls himself the savior via the biblical Joshua’s metaphor. The one who successfully led the children of Israel to the land flowing with milk and honey. He also spells fear to his opponents once elected in office and he projects the ideology of fear via weather pattern metaphor. He talks of dark clouds, heavy rains and a cyclone that would spell doom for opponents. This paper is a single case study, which is extracting practical data in solving human made phenomena. It is acceptable in the social science and science disciplines. In depth verbatim data has been analyzed both at the surface and deep level to explain how metaphors manifest ideology in the contemporary Kenyan political context, (Zainal 2007; Schoch 2020).
EN
This article is devoted in dealing with the double narratives in the stories of King Saul and the question as to why readers are often confused. First, the main part is related to similarities between the Prophet Samuel and King Saul, which should lead readers to compare these two personalities. The text shows us that they both have a great deal in common by having a similar structural genealogy; both having been chosen by God and provided with prophetic gift. Second, at the beginning of Saul’s stories (1 Sam 9:15) where Saul is repeatedly elected as king, and later rejected twice, there is an inner textual structure, whose goal is to stress the importance of God’s providence and foresight, unlike the limited view of the average person. The identification of this textual structure helps readers see the position of King Saul’s understanding, that because God does not view things the way men do, we can only judge God’s actions retrospectively.
PL
Artykuł porusza kwestię wyborów do Parlamentu Europejskiego w Polsce. Autorzy omawiają przepisy wyborcze i kontekst instytucjonalny do wyborów. Wybrali oni wybory w 2014 r. Na tle historycznych wyborów do Parlamentu Europejskiego w 2004 i 2009 roku. Autorzy podkreślają, że najważniejszym wyzwaniem związanym z wyborami jest niska frekwencja. Głównymi przyczynami stanu rzeczy jest niska jakość wiedzy o instytucjach europejskich oraz niezadowolenie społeczne obywateli Polski z sytuacji ekonomicznej i politycznej zarówno w Europie, jak i w Polsce.
EN
The paper addresses the issue of the election to the European Parliament in Poland. The authors discuss the electoral regulations and the institutional background to the election.They put the 2014 election against the historic background of the 2004 and 2009 elections to the European Parliament. The authors emphasise that the most important challenge in terms of the elections is the low turnout. The major reasons for the state of affairs are the low quality of the knowledge of the European institutions and the social discontent of the Polish citizens with the economic and political situation both in Europe and Poland.
Vox Patrum
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2006
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vol. 49
613-631
FR
Dans cet article, on a fait un essai de reinterpretation des textes originels et de leur presentation dans un contexte plus large, surtout celui qui prend en consideration les evenements qui ont eu lieu a Antioche.
Rocznik Teologiczny
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2015
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vol. 57
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issue 4
473-490
EN
One if not the main fundamental problem of a Theology of the Old Testament is the coexistence of the historical tradition of Israel, represented by the Pentateuch, and the pre-exilic prophets within the canon because of the prophet’s abrogation of the “Heilsgeschichte” (I). How complex the interaction between the Pentateuch and the prophetic literature in their long lasting history may ever have been, the coexistence of a text like Gen 17 and Jer 31:31-34 points out the problem: is the covenant everlasting or broken, the covenant Israel’s every time presence or its future? (II) The Old Testament for itself gives no answer to this question. So far the Old Testament points beyond itself – in the author’s opinion to Paul’s concept of the dikaiosu,nh tou/ qeou/. This concept combines the proclamation of the fulfillment of the promise of the New Covenant for all people with the confirmation of Israel’s everlasting election (III). Both, the fulfillment of the promise Jer 31:31-34 and Israel’s final salvation, are standing under eschatological reservation. In this perspective the Old Testament is not only fundament of the New Testament, but in New Testament’s hope still alive. (IV)
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