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Against Psychological Atomism

100%
Slote M.
Dialogue and Universalism
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2022
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issue 1
249-263
EN
Total permissiveness can be captured by the phrase “anything goes.” Psychological atomism can be informally characterized by the idea that in the mind anything goes with anything. There is a strong tendency toward such thinking in Western philosophical thought—both in classical antiquity and during and since the Enlightenment. Perhaps the two most important philosophers of the Enlightenment, Hume and Kant, accepted more or less limited forms of atomism, and I shall explain in what follows in the main text and footnotes, why and how I think their atomism goes astray. Since much of Western philosophy since the Enlightenment to some extent bears its imprint, we shall also be seeing some recent examples of ill-conceived atomism. However, and despite the main themes of the present volume, I shall go well beyond the task of dealing with themes in Enlightenment thinking. In fact, I shall be relying on some unfamiliar aspects of Chinese thought to correct quite generally what I take to be erroneous atomistic thinking.
2
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Elizabeth Anscombová: filosofická psychologie a gramatika v sapienciální perspektivě

100%
Fošum J. L.
Studia theologica
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2019
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vol. 1
99-111
EN
Elizabeth Anscombe places an emphasis on the importance of philosophical psychology and "depth grammar". Her philosophy rediscovers the basic predispositions for a Christian vision of the human act. Human beings are the cause of their intentional acts, which is why it makes sense to speak about sin. We cannot, however, have a deeper knowledge of sin but in the light of Christian Revelation. Philosophy is supposed to be compatible with this Revelation and help for its understanding needs to be supported by an adequate renewal of methodology in which disciplines such as grammar, psychology or the philosophy of nature are interconnected.
3
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Morderstwo jako odrębny typ działania śmiercionośnego. Analiza filozoficzno-prawna w kontekście tomistycznej etyki

72%
Kilan W.
Rocznik Tomistyczny
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2022
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issue 11
295-311
EN
The notion of “murder” plays an important role in philosophical, and ethical inquiries, for it denotes an act absolutely prohibited in the domain of human lethal actions. Yet, despite its relevance, it is repeatedly defined in the improper way. In this paper, the most essential elements of the moral concept of murder were determined on the basis of the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas. It was shown that commonly accepted definitions of this concept (which consider murder as wrong killing or illegal killing) do not grasp the essence of the defined action. Moreover, contemporary and historical legal definitions of this concept were reconstructed and analysed. It was done in order to prove that they have a procedural character and play a practical role in the judicial system, but they do not recognize a proper moral meaning of this concept.
4
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Elizabeth Anscombe and an argument against contraception

72%
Mccarthy A.
Logos i Ethos
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2019
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vol. 50
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issue 2
EN
In the 1960s, before the promulgation of Humanae Vitae, the Catholic philosophers Elizabeth Anscombe and Herbert McCabe OP debated whether there are convincing natural law arguments for the claim that contraception violates an exceptionless moral norm. This article revisits those arguments and critiques McCabe’s approach to natural law, concerned primarily with ‘social sin’ and not simply violations of ‘right reason,’ as one particularly ill-suited to addressing questions in sexual ethics and unable both to distinguish properly between certain forms of sexual wrongdoing and more obviously social sins such as theft, and also to distinguish between ‘natural’ and ‘unnatural’ sexual acts. Anscombe’s views, I argue, are closer to those of Thomas Aquinas and provide reasons for making the distinctions McCabe does not. An argument concerning the nature of the institution of marriage and the effects of non-marital acts on that institution is proposed as a way of strengthening Anscombe’s argument that contraception violates an exceptionless moral norm.
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