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EN
The paper examines the measures put in place by the British colonial government towards safeguarding the health and wellbeing of people, and thereby guaranteeing an enabling environment for surplus human and natural resources maximization. The study explores oral testimonies, extant literature, and colonial archival documents to juxtapose the extent of the impact of the colonial health programmes on Ilorin province between 1900 and 1960. The traditional medical and religion practices of the natives were discerned as impediments to good health and smooth transmission of colonial ideologies. Campaigns and instrument of the law were promulgated to frustrate African traditional values and unhealthy lifestyles perceived as obstruction to the colonial public health programmes. The traditional rulers and sanitary inspectors were engaged and empowered to prosecute erring violators of public health ordinances promulgated to cinch the wellbeing of Europeans, the colonial civil servants, and the natives. Shortage of personnel and the quest for efficient resource management prompted the British colonial masters to administer hospital care extensively through the Christian missionary medical facilities. The few British health officials with some trained natives directly served as sanitary supervisors and medical field units and administered the colonial public health programmes. Their efforts, activities, and control measures such as health campaign and education, medical examination, mass vaccination, sanitary and hygiene supervision and monitoring, and provision of public works and amenities promoted the good health of the people and curtailed the extent of epidemic diseases.
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Epidemie a reżimy

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EN
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to systematise the knowl­edge on the relationship between epidemics and strategies for fighting them in different types of political systems and their social consequences. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem is the analysis of strategies for fighting epidemics in a bipolar approach of political systems as a derivative of various social crises, including those resulting from pandemics. The study was conducted using research methods specific to social sciences, i.e. a critical analysis, a synthesis of subject literature, and a compara­tive analysis. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article begins with present­ing the review of studies devoted to epidemics and their social and political consequences, which is followed by the description of several models of fight­ing epidemics within particular types of political regimes. Next, based on the example of the processes that took place in the first half of the 20th century, the impact of such crises on the growth of social sympathies towards anti-systemic ideologies is demonstrated. RESEARCH RESULTS: The long-term effects of epidemics led to turning points, which significantly affected the development of civilization. They were accompanied by phenomena that, due to the collapse of the foundations of societies’ functioning, influenced the worldview of the masses, leading to the re-evaluation of the political scene and the transformation of political systems. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMENDATIONS: The relationship between epidemics and strategies for fighting them in certain types of political regimes was usually neglected even in studies whose authors analysed a range of social and economic processes that stemmed directly from health crises. However, their conclusions lend support to the claim that this issue is relevant to both researchers interested in the theory of state and the theory of politics and decision-makers responsible for the stability of political systems.
PL
CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest usystematyzowanie wiedzy o relacjach zachodzących pomiędzy epidemiami a strategiami walki z nimi w różnych typach systemów politycznych i ich konsekwencjami społecznymi. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problemem badawczym jest analiza modeli strategii walki z epidemiami w bipolarnym ujęciu systemów politycznych jako pochodnej różnych kryzysów społecznych, w tym wynikających z pandemii. Zastosowano metody badawcze właściwe dla nauk społecznych. Wykorzystano analizę krytyczną i syntezę literatury naukowej oraz badania porównawcze. PROCES WYWODU: W pierwszej kolejności przedstawiono stan badań nad zagadnieniem epidemii i ich skutkami społeczno-politycznymi, następnie zaprezentowano modele walki z epidemiami w kontekście typów reżimów ustrojowych, a w kolejnym, na przykładzie procesów zachodzących w pierwszej połowie XX wieku, ukazano wpływ tych kryzysów na wzrost sympatii społecz­nych wobec ideologii antysystemowych. WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Długofalowe skutki epidemii prowa­dziły do przesileń, które w sposób istotny wpływały na losy cywilizacji. Towa­rzyszyły temu zjawiska, które w związku z załamaniem się podstaw funkcjo­nowania społeczeństw oddziaływały na światopogląd mas, przewartościowując scenę polityczną i transformując systemy państwowe. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Nawet jeśli analizowano procesy społeczno-ekonomiczne pojawiające się w związku z kryzysami zdro­wotnymi, rzadko zastanawiano się nad relacją zachodzącą pomiędzy epidemia­mi a strategiami walki z nimi w określonych typach reżimów państwowych. Tym­czasem wnioski płynące z dotychczasowych rozważań wskazują na aktualność tej problematyki zarówno dla badaczy teorii polityki i państwa, jak i decydentów odpowiedzialnych za stabilność funkcjonowania systemu politycznego.
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