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The effect of the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics on spectators’ physical activity

100%
López Sánchez G. F., Gordon D., Hodgson L., Stubbs B., Gardner B., Smith L.
Atena Journal of Sports Sciences
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2019
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vol. 1
1-1
EN
Objectives:  This study aimed to explore the influence of the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics on physical activity motivation and behaviour among spectators. Methods: The sample comprised 1851 spectators (mean age 36.6±12.7 years). Participants were asked via intercept surveys whether the Olympics changed or will change their desire to engage in regular physical activity, and whether they had increased their physical activity. Findings: 60.2% reported changes in their desire to engage in regular physical activity and 51.6% increased their physical activity. Those under 55 years of age were significantly more likely to change their desire to engage in regular physical activity (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.08). Non-Brazilians (versus Brazilians) were significantly more likely to report a change in their desire to engage in regular physical activity, and to have increased their physical activity (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.57; OR 1.40, 1.15 to 1.71, respectively). Conclusions: While previous studies have found no relationship between Olympics and population physical activity, our findings suggest that the Olympics may provide a unique opportunity to improve levels of physical activity.
2
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Epidemiology of upper limb peripheral nerve injuries in the material collected in the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Medical University of Bialystok

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Szyłejko A., Bielecki M., Terlikowski R.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 1
130-137
EN
Introduction: Common etiologies of acute traumatic peripherial nerve injury include penetrating injury, crush, stretch, and ischemia. Purpose: This paper reports an epidemiological and clinical study of patients with peripheral nerve injuries who were treated for upper limb trauma, which included nerve injury, surgically treated in the Department of Orthopedics University Hospital in Bialystok, in the years 1997-2007.Materials and methods: A total of 202 patients with injury to the median, ulnar and radial nerves were involved in the study. Based on the medical history concerning day care and inpatient hospitalization, surgery books data and the analysis of medical histories, the data referring to the nerve trauma were analyzed. Results: The data allowed a reliable assessment of the population of patients with upper limb nerve injury and methods of treatment, as well as quantitative presentation of the methods of repair and reconstruction of the damaged nerve stem. Conclusions: In the Department of Orthopedics, Medical University of Bialystok, in the years 1997-2007 delayed nerve injuries were more frequently treated than the immediate ones. Surgical treatment of nerve injuries most frequently used primary suture and cable grafting reconstructions. Secondary epineural suture of the nerve was performed more rarely. Autogenic nerve graft segments were most frequently collected from the ulnar nerve of the lower extremity. The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve grafting was much seldom performed.
3
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Epidemiology of abdominal aortic aneurysm

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Karwowska A., Kurianiuk A., Łapiński R., Gacko M., Karczewski J.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 1
238-245
EN
Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a localized widening, located below the renal arteries. The exact etiology is not fully understood. Probably the main role in the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm plays a correlation between genetic and environmental factors, especially smoking. The disease is primarily diagnosed in older men although in recent years there is an increased prevalence of the disease among women. Untreated abdominal aortic aneurysm increases in size until it ruptures, which often leads to the death of patient. The disease is generally asymptomatic and most of the aneurysms are detected accidentally, eg., during ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity.Literature search: The PubMed database was searched in order to collect the literature needed to elaborate the aspects of abdominal aortic aneurysm epidemiology. The search was limited to the review of the original publication from the last 10 years.Conclusions: Analysis of the results indicates that the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in Australia is higher than in America and Europe. The total incidence in Western countries is higher than in Asia. AAA incidence in men is higher than in women. Aneurysms having a diameter of 30 to 39 mm were diagnosed more often than aneurysms with a diameter of more than 40 mm.
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Long bone fractures in children and adolescents treated surgically in West Pomeranian Voivodeship in 2005-2014

75%
Kamiński A., Dzik M., Kołban M., Szwed A., Bilnicki T.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2017
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vol. 7(1)
63-68
EN
bone fractures in children is a problem that has been recently addressed with growing attention. The unique specifics of fractures in the developmental age compared with fractures in adult patients requires an appropriate approach. Disregarding the issue may lead to long-lasting complications, including severe skeletal deformities. Methods: The analysis included 821 children (575 boys, 246 girls) admitted to the hospital with long bone fractures. Data were obtained from medical records from between 2005 and 2014. Results: Long bone fractures were the cause of hospitalizations in 64.9% of cases during the spring-summer period. The average age was 12 years old. Fractures occurred more often in boys. The main cause of fractures in the test group was indirect trauma during sports activities (32%). Fractures of the distal meta and epiphysis of the radius bone were the most common result of trauma in children and adolescents (12.4 % of all fractures). A total of 32.1% of fractures of the upper limbs concerned the radius bone and 12% concerned the supracondylar humeral bone fractures. In lower limb fractures, the most common site was the distal part of the tibia bone (8.9% of all fractures). In surgical treatment, 399 (43.3%) K-wires were used. Plate stabilization was performed 225 times (24.5%), screw fixations 119 times (12.9%), FIN/ESIN fixations 141 times (15.3%), tension bands 11 times (1.2%), intramedullary nailing 19 times (2.1%), and external stabilizations 4 times (0.5%). Fracture healing complications were observed in 3 cases in patients with polytrauma. Conclusions: Risk of a long bone fracture grows with a child’s age. Fractures are more frequent in boys. We observed triple the number of fractures that needed surgery yearly from 2005 to 2014. The increase was linear. The choice of surgical treatment method depends on the fracture type, dislocation size, and the patient’s age.
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