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PL
Celem badania jest analiza tendencji rozwojowych wybranych charakterystyk demograficznych w krajach Europy Centralnej i Wschodniej, które mają istotny wpływ na proces reprodukcji ludności i rozwój demograficzny. Badanie przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem danych Eurostatu za okres 2000-2013 dla dziesięciu krajów, tj. Bułgarii, Czech, Estonii, Litwy, Łotwy, Polski, Rumunii, Słowacji, Słowenii i Węgier. Na podstawie wykresu W. Webba prześledzono także proces przemian typologicznych w zakresie kształtowania się relacji między przyrostem naturalnym ludności a saldem migracji.
EN
The goal of the study is to analyse development trends in selected demographic characteristics in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe that have significant impact on the process of reproduction of population and demographic development. The study was performed on the basis of Eurostat data for the period between 2000 and 2013 for ten countries including Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Hungary. Based on Webb’s diagram the process of typological changes in the sphere of shaping the relationships between population growth and migration balance was also monitored.
EN
Based on analysis of economic growth indicators for 1989-2014, this article distinguishes the “emerging markets” of Central and Eastern Europe (with Russia included), from the other economies that fall in the broad ‘emerging markets’ category. Following the post–1989 reforms, the countries of the region share many of the same typical institutional features as other “emerging economies”, but not necessarily the associated economic outcomes. What characterizes “emerging economies” is that they grow fast enough to systematically close the distance dividing them from the advanced economies, creating convergence. Departing from this pattern, Central and Eastern Europe (and Russia) have so far fallen short in terms of the growth rates, and the region as a whole has not made much progress in catching up. By more than doubling its national product Poland is the only notable exception in the region, although Slovenia may fit in the same category. At the other extreme, some of the economies actually lost two decades in terms of reducing the gaps, and some even fell further behind (e.g., Serbia, Ukraine). These findings have potentially serious implications for economic theory in general and for the presumption that globalization processes act as a unifying developmental force.
Porównania
|
2015
|
vol. 17
245-252
PL
Przeglądowy artykuł analizuje badania na polu studiów postkolonialnych na Słowacji i Węgrzech oraz ich instytucjonalne re-prezentacje w tych krajach. Autor artykułu argumentuje, że w obu krajach postkolonialne teorie zostały zastosowane głównie do badań nad literaturą oraz kulturą irlandzką, kanadyjską, au-stralijską i afrykańską, przede wszystkim przez badaczy działających w uniwersyteckich insty-tutach anglistyki. Aplikowanie postkolonialnych teorii do badań nad literaturą słowacką i wę-gierską jest działaniem raczej marginalnym i dokonuje się poza sferą anglistyki.
EN
This overview article analyses the research in the field of postcolonial studies in Slovakia and Hungary and its institutional repre-sentation in both countries. The author of this article argues that in both countries the postcolo-nial theories have been mostly applied to the study of Irish,Canadian, Australian, and African literatures and cultures and mostly by scholars based at the universities’ English Departments; that the application of postcolonial theories in the study of both Slovak and Hungarian litera-tures and cultures have been rather marginal; and that a research in this field has rather been based outside English departments.
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