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1

Teoretyko-metodolohichni pidkhody do finansovoho zabezpechennya tekhnohennoyi ta ekolohichnoyi bezpeky

100%
Kolmakova V. M.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 1 (55)
47-53
EN
In the article the theoretical and methodological approaches to the financial support of technological and environmental safety in macro-economic regulation of ecological processes that are based on systematic analysis of modern theories of financial support environmental and economic balance and form the basis for innovative investment policies and spatial development strategies and technological environmental security in Ukraine and its regions.
2

FINANCIAL PROVISION FOR WIDOWS IN GDANSK IN THE 17TH - 18TH C. (Zabezpieczenie finansowe wdów w Gdansku w XVII-XVIII wieku)

100%
Kizik E.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2010
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vol. 58
|
issue 1
87-100
EN
In Gdansk, which was the most populated city of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until the mid 18th c. (50 000 inhabitants), an important social issue was the financial support for widows. The present article explores two aspect of this problem: the legal aspect, which concerns the extent to which widows' interests were protected by the law, and the financial aspect, which concerns the forms of financial support available to widows (private provisions, assistance funds). The analysis was based on legal documents (codices, testaments, statutes) and on accounting documents, both of the city (the cash ledgers of Gdansk) and of the guilds (the books of widow assistance funds). The law operative in Gdansk and other Prussian towns (ius culmense, Kulmer Recht), unlike the Polish law, in the case of intestate procedure gave widows the right to inherit a half of the couple's joint property. Testamentary bequest, which was often used in Gdansk, allowed to increase the widow's or widower's share to 7/8 of the joint property. When the property was substantial, such arrangements provided widows with sufficient financial means; additionally, when guild workshops were inherited, bequest allowed women to keep control over the management of the enterprise. The most common form of providing financial support to widows were special assistance funds organized by professional associations. The first funds were organized in the circle of Lutheran pastors in the city (1634) and in the country areas administered by the city (1666, 1697). In the 18th c. funds became popular in other professional groups and in guilds. The preserved statutes and ledgers of such funds allow for an analysis of their activities, the value of the contributions, the character of cash flows and the granting of allowances in the circle of Gdansk artillerists (the fund worked since 1727), the guild of bricklayers (1705), shipwrights (1747), carpenters (1763), surgeons (1765), bakers (1769) and millers (1792). The article also reflects on the role of private widow funds and individual legacies, which were aimed at supporting poor widows.
3

Finansove zabezpechennya ekonomichnoyi skladovoyi kontseptsiyi staloho rozvytku

100%
Leus D. V.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2013
|
vol. 4 (62)
133-139
EN
The article determines priorities, which correspond to the concept of sustainable development. The essence and structure of the concept are investigated. The necessity to combine three fundamental components of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental is justified. We made a conclusion about the primacy of the economic component, which provides the optimal usage of scarce resources at all stages of social production on the basis of sustainable development components analysis. The role of financial capital as a service in relation to other types of capital (human, environmental and industrial) in the economy of sustainable development is determined. Investigation of the importance of financial investment mechanisms for sustainable development is held. The basic tools by payment categories which provide funding for sustainable economic development are given.
4
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Źródła finansowania reform w państwach Partnerstwa Wschodniego

100%
Latoszek E., Kłos A.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
|
2015
|
issue 3
77-100
EN
The Eastern Partnership program was established in May of 2009 and became a part of EU external policy. It contains a complex concept addressed to all countries participating in the Program. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine have established a wide range of close political and economic cooperation with the European Union. Under Eastern Partnership cooperation the benefi ciary countries can count on financial and organizational support in the implementation of the wide range reforms in their economies. This article aims to present the main sources of fi nancial support addressed to the Eastern Partnership countries and the current state of implementation of the Eastern Partnership objectives. The article shows the nature and purpose of the establishment of the Eastern Partnership, presents the specificity of programs addressed to the Partnership countries by the European Union, the European Investment Bank and the Visegrad Group countries.
5

THE CULTURE FOUNDATION AND ITS ACTIVITIES DURING THE FIRST INDEPENDENT REPUBLIC OF LATVIA (1920-1940) (Kulturas fonda aktivitates telotajas makslas nozare (1920-1940)

75%
Gerharde-Upeniece G.
Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei
|
2006
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vol. 5
77-92
EN
Financial support is one criterion which helps to assess the true attitude of the state towards cultural heritage and creative processes. During the first period of Latvia's independence, the Culture Foundation (Kulturas fonds) established at the Ministry of Education on 18 November 1920, played an important part in this respect. Incoming money was spent to support science, education, cultural workers and institutions, for premiums and stipends, educative foreign travels and popularization of science and art. The article aims to browse the main functions, guidelines and priorities with particular regard to supporting fine arts. During the early period cultural processes in the countryside were in the focus of attention: community halls were arranged or built anew, a wide net of libraries was established in numerous towns. To foster creative processes, the Culture Foundation granted travel stipends and supported studies abroad. Creative travels stimulated assimilation of Western European cultural experience and development of Latvian art in general. Culture Foundation Premiums in different branches of art - painting, sculpture (monumental and stand sculpture), graphics, stage design and applied arts - were signs of recognition on the national level. Such artists as Gederts Eliass, Ludolfs Liberts, Janis Kuga, Niklavs Strunke, Ansis Girulis, Vihelms Purvitis, Janis Roberts Tillbergs, Karlis Zale, Eduards Kalnins and Teodors Zalkalns had received these premiums two or three times. Considering the premium winners from the distance of time, different kinds of art had been praised in respect to both quality and social significance, ranging from artworks - signs and symbols of their time - to mediocre or even poor works. After the coup d'etat realized by Karlis Ulmanis on 15 May 1934, the role of culture changed, becoming a representative voice of the state. During this period, administrative structures of institutions also tended towards authoritarianism. The Ministry of Education that supervised the Culture Foundation took the lead of organizing cultural life, choosing such priorities as financial support for huge buildings and monuments.
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