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RYBY A PÔST V ZOBORSKOM KLÁŠTORE PRI NITRE VO SVETLE ARCHEOZOOLOGICKÝCH DOKLADOV

100%
Bielichová Z., Samuel M., Hensel K.
Študijné zvesti
|
2019
|
issue 65
133 - 178
EN
The paper presents the first results of the analysis of archaeo-faunal remains from the monastery at Nitra-Zobor site (SW Slovakia). The majority of the 5201 analysed specimens (five samples) came from the cellar and floors of two monk’s houses from the Camaldulese Monastery of St. Joseph (1693–1782). The remainder originated from areas between the houses (one sample), layers connected to the construction and destruction of the baroque monastery (two samples), a single medieval feature (one sample) and unspecified contexts (two samples). The material is dominated by aquatic or semi-aquatic taxa (97.3%) including fish (Pisces), crayfish (Astacus astacus), otter (Lutra lutra), beaver (Castor fiber) and the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis). Only freshwater fish such pike (Esox lucius), carp (Cyprinus carpio), Danube catfish (Silurus glanis), sturgeon (Acipenser sp.), tench (Tinca tinca), dace (Leuciscus leuciscus), and bleak (Alburnus alburnus) were identified. Large-sized individuals predominate in the assemblage pointing to the anthropogenic selection of fish, and a wealth of natural resources or favourable artificial fishponds. The representation of skeletal elements from the head, trunk and fin indicate that complete fresh fish were brought to the site. Monks consumed whole or portions of fish (traces of butchery and chewing are recorded). The assemblage from house no. 9 had an exclusively fasting character, while house no. 3 yielded bones of domestic mammals - young sheep/goat, cattle, chicken, goose and turkey. The spatial differences are explained through the context of finds, when in the latter are related with the construction and destruction of the baroque monastery. The meat of domestic mammals was probably consumed in the monastery by service staff and other secular persons that often visited and used local public services.
2
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Look at gene, chromosome and genome – molecular cytogenetic investigations

63%
Małuszyńska J.
Nauka
|
2007
|
issue 4
EN
Cytogenetics is complementary to genetic and molecular analysis of genome structure and function. From the beginning it has been mainly used for identification of chromosomes and karyotype construction. Most significant for the progress in cytogenetics was development of chromosome banding techniques and in situ hybridization, especially fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and its different modifications which have become the most important techniques in molecular cytogenetics. FISH allows physical gene mapping and localization of different non-coding DNA sequences on chromosomes and interphase nuclei. Repetitive DNA sequences can generate unique FISH-signal patterns on individual chromosomes valuable for karyotyping and phylogenetic analysis. These studies have important implications for basic research and practical applications. The understanding of the structure, function, organization and evolution of genomes enabled many new cytogenetic applications to both medicine and agriculture, particularly in diagnosis and plant breeding.
3
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Programy komputerowe wspomagające ekspertyzę pismoznawczą i ich praktyczne wykorzystanie

32%
Goc-Ryszawa B.
Problemy Kryminalistyki
|
2013
|
issue 282
57-67
PL
Artykuł zawiera przegląd programów komputerowych używanych w ekspertyzach pismoznawczych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono programom wchodzącym w skład pakietu pn. GLOBALGRAF, opracowanych wspólnie przez Polskie Towarzystwo Kryminalistyczne i Uniwersytet Warszawski. Do pakietu tego wchodzą cztery programy do analizy cech strukturalnych, grafometrycznych i grafomotorycznych pisma (Kinegraf, Grafotyp, Raygraf i Scangraf). W artykule przedstawiono, na podstawie analizy spraw, w których zastosowano te programy, wyniki ekspertyz pismoznawczych, z uwzględnieniem poziomu kategoryczności rozstrzygnięć identyfikacyjnych. Zwrócono także uwagę na znaczenie programów komputerowych dla rozszerzenia zakresu analizowanych cech pisma ręcznego oraz zastosowanie programów komputerowych dla obiektywizacji i wizualizacji wyników badań pismoznawczych. Zastosowanie komputerowych metod w badaniach identyfikacyjnych pisma stwarza możliwości wykorzystania nowych parametrów grafometrycznych w ekspertyzie pismoznawczej oraz użycia parametrów już znanych, lecz ze względów praktycznych nie stosowanych lub stosowanych incydentalnie. Przyczynia się również do lepszego i pełniejszego odbioru ekspertyzy pismoznawczej w Sądach. Programy komputerowe mogą stać się bardzo przydatnym narzędziem w pracy ekspertów pisma ręcznego oraz dokumentów.
EN
The paper aims at presentation of computer programmes used in handwriting examinations. The authors pay special attention to software included in GLOBALGRAF programme package developed by Polish Forensic Association in close cooperation with the University of Warsaw. The Globalgraf package consists of four programmes designed for analysis of structural, graphometric and graphomotoric features of writing. These include: KINEGRAF, GRAFOTYP, RAYGRAF and SCANGRAF. The paper presents results of forensic handwriting examinations performed using GLOBALGRAF programme, taking into account categorical character of the opinions. In addition, the authors pay attention to significance of computer programmes in extending the scope of analysed handwriting features and application of computer based programmes in order to achieve better objectivity and visualization of the results of handwriting examinations. Application of computer based methods in handwriting examinations allows to use new graphometric parameters while performing relevant casework. It also allows to use already known parameters which, for practical reasons are hardly used or even ignored. The computer based methods also stand for a better and more comprehensive presentation of handwriting expert opinions in courts. Computer software can become a useful tool in the work of handwriting and document experts.
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