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EN
The article focuses on handwritten prayer books, which represent a significant phenomenon in the context of religious reading in 1750 – 1850. The research is based on studies of twenty manuscripts of Czech and Moravian origin stored in museums and libraries. Attention is paid to a detailed analysis and a reciprocal comparison of handwritten Catholic and Protestant prayer books. It follows their physical form and examines the illustrations. It emphasises the content structure of books including the use of Biblical quotes. It introduces the way of creating texts and the relationship of manuscripts to their printed templates. It puts the topic in a socio-historical context. It also notes different roles of the handwritten prayer book in everyday life of the faithful of two confessions, as well as the indisputable importance in the Baroque folk piety.
EN
In Bulgaria, the word 'kurban' denotes bloody sacrifice brought to God, saints or mythical protectors of family group or the whole village. It represents a specific feature of spiritual culture that runs across the whole structure of traditional as well as contemporary folk customs in Bulgaria. The sacrifice of animal constitutes part of family, annual and work customs and church ceremonies. The article renders basic information on the roots and context of this custom and characterizes its traditional form. It focuses on the preparation of 'kurban' as ritual dish and the attitudes of the Orthodox Church to this custom. It traces the persistence of the custom in contemporary Bulgarian society, where the broad traditional family relations are being lost. The article is based on field research realized in the years 2005 and 2007 as well as the study of literature.
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