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FORMAL SEMANTICS AND PRAGMATICS: AN OVERVIEW OF SELECTED DEFINITIONS

100%
Stalmaszczyk P.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2008
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vol. 64
9-24
EN
The paper discusses the development of formal semantics and pragmatics and traces various attempts at defining and delimiting these disciplines. It shows how the original definition, provided by Charles Morris (in 1938), has undergone several important changes and modifications. The paper discusses the contribution of Rudolf Carnap, Richard Montague and Polish logicians (Alfred Tarski, Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, Tadeusz Kotarbinski) towards the understanding of formal semantics and the methodological issues connected with formal approaches to natural language. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the problem of context in Montague Grammar and in more recent dynamic approaches to semantics and pragmatics, and offers a tentative classification of approaches to pragmatics.
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Dvojitá prefixace a sémantika sloves pohybu

75%
Docekal M.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2009
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vol. 70
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issue 4
327-342
EN
In this paper, the author discusses the aspectual system of Czech and in particular, the prefix combinations in verbs. Following the arguments of Gehrke (2009) and the general model of Zwarts (2005), he argues that as upward monotone vectors, the goal prefixes 'do-' and 'pri-' cannot be modified by the measure prefix 'po-' (there are no verbs such as *po-do-skocit or *po-pri-jet). He then offers a formal treatment of paths and events homomorphism for motion verbs in Czech. Based on the examined data, the author argues in favor of keeping separate two distinctions in the aspectual system of Czech: telicity and perfectivity. The paper as a whole is dedicated to the integration of the formal treatment of Czech aspect with vector space semantics for preposition phrases and prefixes.
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