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1

FORMULA IN LITERARY TALES

100%
Pacalova J.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2007
|
vol. 54
|
issue 2
81-103
EN
The intention of the study is in the background of the stylistic and functional characteristics in realisation of the captions and closings in the literary tales of the 19th c. to point out those features of the compositional mean that we could evaluate as a specific for the literary tales of the mentioned period. The authoress analysed the captions and closings in the tales of three collections of the tales published in the 19th c.: 'Slovenske povesti Jana Francisciho' (Slovak Fables by Jan Francisci, 1845), 'Slovenske povesti Augustina Horislava Skultetyho and Pavla Dobsinskeho' (Slovak Fables by Augustin Horislav Skultety and Pavol Dobsinsky,1858-1861) and 'Prostonarodnych slovenskych povesti Pavla Dobsinskeho' (Folk Slovak Fables by Pavol Dobsinsky, 1880-1883). In the stylistically functional analysis the authoress regarded the way how the formula were presented in the folk proses (resource: so called Wolman's catalogue of folk tales). The realised comparative analysis results in information that formulas in the literary tales differ from the formulas in the folk tales by higher degree of stylisation filling the formal frame of a formula with new original content, increasing and advancing functionality of a formula (formula as a poetic decoration, folk artefact). Also within particular collection the authoress recorded the differences in the stylistic level and functional presentation as well as a generic determination. These differences concern extension of the collection, their generic content, way of literary genesis of the texts and goals followed by their editors. While e.g. Francisci's collection reflects generic representation of the formula the same as we can find in the folk tales, Dobsinsky's collection illustrates a wide scale of formula creational methods. The rhetoric formula are the most interesting, as in their cases it is possible to demonstrate very clearly differences between folk and literary way of framing the tales.
2

FROM A CONSTRUCTION TO A FUNCTION (A CONTRIBUTION TO A POETICS OF FAIRY TALES)

88%
Pacalova J.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2006
|
vol. 53
|
issue 3-4
221-242
EN
The aim of the contribution is to show that introductory and final formula considered as one of the most phenomenal features of a fairy tale are inwardly structured. These formula were analysed on the base of the ethnographic material (so called Wolman's catalogue of Slovak fairy tales). We analysed them regarding to their construction, way of development, stylisation, attitude of a narrator, measure of convention and a way of its contamination. We identified the several types of these skeleton forms: simple introductory and final formula characterised by a lower degree of stylization and development of conventionalised form and content; stylised introductory formula (magic), an explicitly characterised fictional world of fairy tales; stylised introductory formula (rhetoric) and final (formula with an involvement of a narrator into a plot) formula, expressing an attitude of a narrator to the told story. Further, we found that in the folk environment differently from the literary one, the occurrence of formula in the right sense of word is rarer. It is clear from the analysis that some of the types of formula determine generic characteristic of texts, in which they function like their skeleton; it is also clear how much they also depend on an interpret's narrative characteristics. In the end of the contribution we defined the functions of formula, which are revealed just on the background of typological modification of formula. The basic function of formula is to declare a fairy tale story as a fictional story - that is why we can consider formula as a type of metaleptic figures.
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