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Dojrzała/niedojrzała — kobieta w powieści "Tělo" Fráni Šrámka

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Gołaszewska I.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

2011

vol. 153

729-737

This paper considers the problem of the woman’s development in Fráňa Šrámek’s Tělo with reference to the Bildungsroman tradition and to the evolution of this German genre. I attempt to show that the maturation process of Tělo’s protagonist Máňa Švarcová, in contrast to the man’s maturation associated with the intellect, is limited to the sphere of the body. Although corporeality usually has negative connotations, in this novel it becomes the main — and the only accessible — site of the heroine’s power. Using Esther Kleinbord Labovitz and Susan Fraiman’s argument that the plot of “the female Bildungsroman” is distorted, I seek the reasons for this predicament and the indicators of female identity construction. Moreover, I focus on the issue of gender and the social roles that not only impose specific obligations on women but also shape the path of their development. Máňa Švarcová’s development, I suggest, begins upon her marriage and takes place within the boundaries defined by this institution. Because she follows a path of development approved by her society, she puts her own identity in the shadow and creates a “pseudo-identity” (Erich Fromm’s term) that functions as a mask for the society. The real identity stays undeveloped due to impossibility of reconciling the society’s expectations and individual — in this case female — freedom, which is dominated by the male element in the novel. Thus the heroine is arrested in a state of “unreadiness,” a term proposed by Ewa Paczoska for defining many modern protagonists. Consequently, her maturation process is inevitably lost in the patriarchal world.

In matters of taste, there can be no disputes. Elements of Camp in Fráňa Šrámek’s play »Léto«

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Firlej A.

Bohemistyka

2013

vol. 13

issue 2

85 - 100

In this sketch I am going to focus on the presence of elements of Camp aesthetics in the Fráňa Šrámek's drama Léto, written and staged in 1915. Dandyism became popular at the turn of the 19th and 20th century in Czech culture and it would be the most crucial reference point to the Campy attitude. As a "local text" of the Czech decadentism, it took a place of bohemianism. In this sketch I understand Camp as a type of aesthetic avant-garde sensu largo, based on democratic tendency and on a fight against the given taste, analogues in many regards to the phenomenon it is against.

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1 Firlej A.

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Dojrzała/niedojrzała — kobieta w powieści "Tělo" Fráni Šrámka

In matters of taste, there can be no disputes. Elements of Camp in Fráňa Šrámek’s play »Léto«