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Staročeská píseň »Noci milá«

100%
Všetička F.
Bohemistyka
|
2016
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vol. 16
|
issue 1
81 - 88
EN
Old Czech poem Noci milá from the 14th century is based on the element of integration of „milá“ (and its variations). It was also framed and provided with a punchline by an anonymous author. The whole poem composition proves that it belongs to the late Old Czech class of amorous lyrics.
2
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Rámcování a nastolování agendy: Dva paralelní procesy v interakci

88%
Kalvas F., Váně J., Štípková M., Kreidl M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2012
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vol. 48
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issue 1
3-38
EN
In this article the authors interconnect the framing and agenda-setting theories of mass-communication effects. They postulate that the framing process creates conditions for the agenda-setting process and argue that differently framed news have different effects in the agenda-setting process. They hypothesise that issue-specific frames, episodic frames, and value frames have a stronger agenda-setting effect than generic frames, thematic frames, and strategy frames and suggest explaining the role of frames in the agendasetting process through the theory of cognitive dissonance. The hypotheses are tested using matched panel survey data on respondents’ personal agendas and using a content analysis of the media in relation to one particular issue. The selected issue – the restitution of property to the Catholic Church – was chosen because it contains a rich combination of frames. Moreover, this is an issue on which it is possible to study the effect of a ‘focusing event’, which may have an additional and distinct effect in addition to the ‘regular’ frames. The authors show that differently framed news do indeed have distinctive effects on personal agenda-setting. Some frames have a strong positive effect, while others have no effect. They even identify one frame that appears to have a slightly negative net effect on personal agenda-setting. This is a somewhat revolutionary fi nding, since it demonstrates that, unlike the predictions made by the agenda-setting theory, people may (under certain conditions) react to the heightened media exposure of an issue by denying its importance.
3

Risk-taking in entrepreneurs: the role of uncertainty, stake and framing

88%
Farago K., Kiss O.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
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2005
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vol. 60
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issue 1/2
203-223
EN
We examined entrepreneurial risk-taking in hypothetical bet situations presented in the form of a questionnaire. The level of uncertainty and the amount staked were varied in the situations provided. The subjects were required to make choices between two profit-making situations in one half of the questions and two loss-making situations in the other half. The expected values of the alternatives offered were equal. In order to identify the risk-taking strategies unique to entrepreneurs, a sample consisting of college students was also involved in the study. The results suggest that entrepreneurs focus on the amount staked; probability factors are less commonly taken into consideration. This tendency results in different behavior in profit-making and loss-making situations: the potential profit motivates entrepreneurs to choose higher stakes, whereas an expected loss will characteristically prompt the avoidance of higher stakes and thus higher risks. In profit-making situations, the strategies applied by college students are different from those found in entrepreneurs: students' decisions are more pronouncedly influenced by probability factors than by the amount staked. The results point to the conclusion that for entrepreneurs, the emotional value of profit and loss is considerably high, and as a result, their reactions show manifestations of the affect heuristic. The picture emerging form the study qualifies to some extent the so-called endowment effect, which is a tendency in individuals to invest further resources into loss-making projects. Prospects for major losses deterred the respondents from taking risks.
4

THE REFUGEE CRISIS FROM BELOW - E-CITIZENS´ FRAMING AND (DE)LEGITIMATION STRATEGIES ON THE´DEBATING EUROPE´ PLATFORM

75%
CMECIU C.
Communication Today
|
2019
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vol. 10
|
issue 2
58–73
EN
This study focuses on a bottom-up assessment of the refugee crisis. This transformative political and social crisis situation has stirred conflicting opinions about the ways in which EU countries should handle the refugee flow. The ‘Debating Europe’ platform has launched a debate upon the solutions that MEPs and EU citizens may provide in order to deter further border crossings. Using three dimensions of the circuit of civic culture, prognostic framing and legitimation strategies as theoretical frameworks, we intend to determine the degree of interaction among the e-debaters, the salience of prognostic frames and the co-occurrences of the (de)legitimation strategies that e-citizens employ in dealing with the refugee crisis. The findings show that despite the low interaction within this debate, e-citizens preferred to simply post their opinions about this crisis and to cast their online vote for the MEP’s solutions. The critical assessment of the refugee crisis revealed that while some e-citizens invoke a discourse of fear or of benevolence, others highlight the importance of contextualising the situation, making a plea for conditioned solidarity and exclusive integration.
5

„Twój głos w Twoim domu”: cztery typy tabloidyzacji

75%
Bauer Z.
Oblicza Komunikacji
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2010
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vol. 3
37-47
EN
The article contains a thesis that research on tabloids and tabloidization is, in its very nature, tinged with ideology, as its subject is a uniquely created axiological construct with its place in culture being negatively prejudged. The article will present broadcaster actions from an interactionism perspective, mainly the theory of framing. Taking the original meaning of the word “tabloid” as a starting point, the article discusses four aspects, or rather “levels,” of tabloidization: the concentration of the message content and its intensification (using limited visual codes, among others), the strategy of eliminating the complications in the interpretation of reality (based on appeals to a “common sense” category and stereotypes, among others), the strategy of “elimination of the media appeal of the message” (effective thanks to an illusion of a total transparency of the medium itself being created) and the strategy of “being friends with the audience” (appealing to their resentments and phobias which — according to a key rule: create yourself a reader — are presented as obvious human needs, impossible to articulate because of the oppressive value system, created by the Others, most of the time being associated with the authority or authorities built on suspicious grounds).
6
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Kontrahnutí v perspektivách sociologie sociálních hnutí

63%
Vidomus P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2011
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vol. 47
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issue 2
325-360
EN
Countermovements and conservative activism have received relatively little attention in Czech and European sociology. This article summarises the discussions concerning the countermovement phenomenon in the last thirty years. The starting point of the interest in countermovements of different kinds in the Western context is generally considered to lie in the 1970s and the 1980s, when the opposition to the reform movements of the preceding period became more intense. In an attempt to defi ne this phenomenon, sociology made use of its theoretical and methodological apparatus available at that time. Therefore, resource mobilization theory, the political opportunities/political process model, and framing theory gradually looked at countermovements from different points of view and concentrated on different parts of their life cycle. This article first discusses various countermovement definitions and dilemmas which sociologists have faced in their analysis. It then focuses on the key dimensions of the countermovement life cycle: its genesis and mobilization, strategy and tactics, and its potential effects. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of different theoretical and methodological approaches and the dynamic movement-countermovement relationship. The topics are illustrated on examples from relevant case studies. The conclusion summarises the areas to which the social sciences, in analysing the problems of countermovements, pay very little attention.
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