The article concerns the trends of the development of the economic thought of the 20th century. It presents the most significant projects of the economic theory which came into being in this century. The author focuses on the issue of free market, economic freedom and personal property. He shows how the views on the aforementioned issues were changing and at the same time he presents almost all main concepts of solving these problems. The author focuses primarily on some characteristic evolution of basic trends in economic theory: he examines some aspects of the theory which strayed away from fundamental categories of market, economic freedom and personal property - and then returned to them again.
The article focuses on Milton Friedman's contribution to the economic science. Milton Friedman belongs to the outstanding economists of the past century; he was one of the founders of the Chicago School, the symbol of monetarism and the leader of the contemporary economic liberalism. Milton Friedman considered free market as the most efficient form for the economy. His contribution to the economic science development is extraordinary. It concerns not only the pure theory and methodology of economic analysis but also empirical analysis, economic policy and the area of basic issues on the comparative economic systems. The core of Friedman's input to the pure economic theory is the first of all his monetary theory - the money-demand and the money-supply conceptions, inflation, as well as the mutual relations between inflation and unemployment.
The privilege charters for the town of Hronský Beňadik from 1680 and 1714 are the ground base for the legal status of this sort of settlement. The first one contains the right to organize the four free markets in the town of Hronský Beňadik from the year 1680, which was issued by the German Emperor and the Hungarian King Leopold the First of Habsburg. The second confirms the diplomatic falsum of the year 1217 and was issued by the King Charles the Third.
The economically and politically globalizing world makes it necessary, to a greater and greater extent, to search for solutions which would allow to face new dimensions of economic and social problems. The gradual withdrawal of the state from the role of the main provider of benefits, as well as the wider and wider differentiation as regards the manner of performing functions by the state, which appear to be clearly modeled on the practice of other sectors nowadays, create a new context for the functioning of subjects of a civic society. Numerous debates connected with the post-socialist transformation usually draw attention solely to fundamental changes within the economic system, while the new polity that is emerging in consequence of the transformation implies not only a new form of the state, but also a new model of the non-governmental sector, the latter – on the other hand – is clearly exerting an influence on the transformation of the functioning of the public administration in Poland. Indeed, it is evident that the role of the public administration must undergo thorough modifications, yet reforms carried out cannot consist in that the activity of the civic (non-governmental) sector related to rendering public services will be treated as a substitute of social aid. It can and should complement the latter.
Artykuł stanowi próbę zbadania charakteru współczesnej ekonomicznej wyobraźni Po- laków. Metodą ankietowego badania reprezentatywnego zrekonstruowane zostały ogólne (złożone) zespoły wyobrażeń na temat czynników korzystnych dla gospodarki jako całości, poszczególnych przedsiębiorstw oraz ludzi. Zbadane zostały determinanty poglądów tworzą- cych ogólniejsze wyobrażenia na ten temat, a także ich wpływ na stopień akceptacji demo- kracji.
EN
The paper attempts at investigation of contemporary economic imagination of the Poles. Representative survey data have been used to reconstruct general (composite) dimensions of imaginations of the factors beneficial to economic success on the levels of national economy, individual enterprises and people. The determinants of these imaginations on the one hand and their impact on attitudes to democracy on the other have been measured and discussed.
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