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EN
The main objective of this article is the evaluation of the contemporary land cover of areas exposed to floods. Two small towns in which flooding risk is high - Poddębice and Uniejów in lodzkie voivodeship, were chosen for detailed analysis. The area exposed to floods means an area that is probable to be covered by water once for a hundred years. The evaluation of the contemporary land cover was based on Topographic Database as well as local stocktaking, and supported by the use of GIS tools. The exposed areas aren't protected enough on the local level as far as planning instruments, especially local spatial development plans, are taken into consideration. As a result, the directives formulated by the heads of Regional Water Management Boards aren't used in practice, because they restrict land development of the attractive areas and hamper local economic development, even despite the fact that those areas are endangered by floods.
EN
The flooded areas are one of the most conflicting areas. Spatial policy and planning on such areas of special flood hazards and their disastrous consequences should be carried on carefully, in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. Changes in Polish law, especially in water law (resulting from EU directives) require changes in the spatial policy on such areas. These changes can have long-lasting negative consequences especially in small towns, if they are not carefully thought out. In article were described negative consequences of floods and prevention, law regulations in the spatial policy on floodplains and the potential negative consequences of bad policy, especially in small cities.
PL
W badaniu wyselekcjonowane zostaną maksymalne stany wód dla wybranych horyzontów czasowych. W ten sposób otrzymane zostaną realizacje określonych zmiennych losowych, które aproksymowane będą odpowiednimi rozkładami Poissona. Z dopasowanych teoretycznych rozkładów Poissona policzone zostaną prawdopodobieństwa przekroczenia progów ostrzegawczego i alarmowego, które traktowane będą jako miary ryzyka zagrożenia powodziowego
EN
The main purpose of this article is the using the Poisson distribution to estimate the risk of flood danger on the Odra river in Oława. Lower Silesia belongs to one of the most dangerous regions in Poland of waterboarding and floods. In research the maximas of water level will be selected for chosen times horisont. In this way, given determined random variables, will be approximated by relevant Poisson distribution. In fitted theoretical Poisson distribution it will be counted the probability od transgression warning and alarm level which will be treated as a risk measure of flood danger.
The Biblical Annals
|
2010
|
vol. 2
|
issue 1
47-76
EN
The memory of a disastrous and vast deluge that took place in a very distant past appears in the texts of legends that originated in many civilizations and cultures. The biblical tradition, or rather traditions (pre-pastoral and pastoral), borrow numerous images and symbols from this heritage of mankind, so that within their own monotheistic theology the episode in the history of the early stage of mankind could be recorded. What in the Middle East mythologies and epics was ascribed to jealous gods’ whims, in Gen 6-9 is presented as the work of a just God, who rightly punishes the corrupted mankind for having destroyed His work of creation. In the biblical tradition also another theological motif appears that is completely missing from any ancient accounts of the deluge - the motif of God’s mercy and God's salutary interference into the history of the world and of man that aims at a revival of the universe and assumes the shape of a new work of creation. The present article tackles the issue of Gen 6-9 in a broad context of its relation to analogous Middle East traditions in order to show the origin, the process of editing as well as the literary and theological specificity of the biblical account of the Flood as completely as possible.
EN
The memory of a disastrous and vast deluge that took place in a very distant past appears in the texts of legends that originated in many civilizations and cultures. The biblical tradition, or rather traditions (pre-pastoral and pastoral), borrow numerous images and symbols from this heritage of mankind, so that within their own monotheistic theology the episode in the history of the early stage of mankind could be recorded. What in the Middle East mythologies and epics was ascribed to jealous gods’ whims, in Gen 6-9 is presented as the work of a just God, who rightly punishes the corrupted mankind for having destroyed His work of creation. In the biblical tradition also another theological motif appears that is completely missing from any ancient accounts of the deluge - the motif of God’s mercy and God's salutary interference into the history of the world and of man that aims at a revival of the universe and assumes the shape of a new work of creation. The present article tackles the issue of Gen 6-9 in a broad context of its relation to analogous Middle East traditions in order to show the origin, the process of editing as well as the literary and theological specificity of the biblical account of the Flood as completely as possible.
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