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The foremost gift or the impossible ideal to reach? Valorial components of forgiveness among Italian adolescents

100%
Szcześniak M., Vitali M., Rondón G.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2012
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vol. 43
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issue 3
199-209
EN
The foremost gift or the impossible ideal to reach? Valorial components of forgiveness among Italian adolescents In the year 2006, the American Psychological Association published a series of Research Briefs brochures to make available to the public short outlines on contemporary psychological studies of themes relevant to the United Nations’ mission. One of the items that was listed and given a considerable attention within the psychological fi eld was ‘forgiveness’. That initiative, despite the fact that forgiveness has been considered rather a theological issue, has generated a great interest among psychologists, thus leading them to undertake some projects on forgiveness. In accordance with this concept of forgiveness, we chose in this research to investigate an individual’s ability to forgive as related to a basic human value. The study involved 274 Italian adolescents between 14 and 19 years of age. To measure variables involved in the research we used the following instruments: Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-12), The Marital Offence-Specifi c Forgiveness Scale (MOFS) adapted to the adolescents’ sample, Trait Forgiveness Scale (TFS), and Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ). The results obtained in the study show that forgiveness is positively related to selftranscendent and conservation values, and negatively correlated with self-enhancement and openness to change values.
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Are proneness to forgive, optimism and gratitude associated with life satisfaction?

88%
Szcześniak M., Soares E.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2011
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vol. 42
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issue 1
20-23
EN
The main aim of the current study was to examine whether and how life satisfaction is related to propensity to forgive one’s transgressor. Additionally, it also explored the relationship between life satisfaction and other chosen psychological variables, such as optimism and gratitude. The study involved 338 persons between 16 and 83 years of age. For the measurement of psychological variables the following research tools were used: Satisfaction With Life Scale, Transgression- Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory, Gratitude Questionnaire, and Learned Optimism Test. Among the study participants satisfaction with life was positively correlated with the conviction about a permanent and ubiquitous nature of positive events, optimism and gratitude. The study also observed a negative correlation between satisfaction with life, the motivation for revenge and avoidance motivation, and the perception of a permanent and ubiquitous nature of adverse events.
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Grzech, wina i przebaczenie. Refleksje na podstawie stanowiska Kościoła Ewangelickiego w Niemczech (EKD)

63%
Podzielny J.
Studia Oecumenica
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2022
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vol. 22
139-160
EN
What is sin, guilt and forgiveness? These questions are dealt with in statement of the Evangelical Church in Germany from the perspective of Protestant anthropology published in 2020. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the most important ideas of this EKD document, which are determined by its different parts: (1) Sin and the phenomenon of sinning; (2) The lost man and the Bible’s answer; (3) Places to experience guilt, forgiveness and reconciliation. These reflections certainly touch the fundamental message of the Reformation, which is the justification of the sinner. Many of these considerations can be very enlightening in the context of ongoing discussions about forgiveness and reconciliation between nations, the question of guilt and responsibility for it. As the authors of the analysed document aptly point out, no area of human life is free of experiences with guilt and sin. Forgiveness does not make sin undone, but it does make new beginning possible, that the world needs so much today.
PL
Czym jest grzech, wina i przebaczenie? Te kwestie zostały poruszone w opublikowanym w 2020 r. dokumencie Kościoła Ewangelickiego w Niemczech z perspektywy protestanckiej antropologii. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest podjęcie refleksji wokół najważniejszych idei tego dokumentu EKD, jakie wyznaczają jego poszczególne części: (1) grzech oraz fenomen grzeszenia; (2) zagubiony człowiek i odpowiedź Biblii; (3) miejsca doświadczenia winy, przebaczenia oraz pojednania. Refleksje te dotykają niewątpliwie podstawowego przesłania Reformacji, jakim jest usprawiedliwienie grzesznika. Wiele z tych przemyśleń może być bardzo pouczające w kontekście toczących się obecnie dyskusji na temat przebaczenia i pojednania między narodami, kwestii winy czy odpowiedzialności za nią, albowiem – jak trafnie zauważają autorzy analizowanego dokumentu – żadna dziedzina ludzkiego życia nie jest wolna od doświadczeń związanych z winą i grzechem. Przebaczenie zaś nie powoduje cofnięcia grzechu, ale umożliwia tak bardzo potrzebny dziś światu nowy początek.
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Strategia radzenia sobie z krzywdzicielem – polska walidacja kwestionariusza TIRM-18

51%
Kossakowska M. M.
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
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2017
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vol. 38
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issue 4
69-82
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników polskiej walidacji kwestionariusza mierzącego strategie radzenia sobie z krzywdzicielem, które odpowiedzialne są za zjawisko przebaczania (TRIM-18; Transgression – Related Interpersonal Motivations; McCullough, Root and Cohen 2006). Artykuł zawiera opis procedury dotyczącej tłumaczenia z języka angielskiego na polski, wyniki analizy czynnikowej, analizy dyskryminacyjnej oraz trafności zewnętrznej. W poniższych badaniach wzięło udział 530 osób w wieku od 18 do 84 lat (345 kobiet i 185 mężczyzn). Do oceny trafności teoretycznej testu użyto jedenastu kwestionariuszy. Badanie potwierdza, że struktura polskiej wersji kwestionariusza TRIM-18 jest zgodna ze strukturą wersji anglojęzycznej. Kwestionariusz TRIM-18 w wersji polskiej okazał się jest również bardzo rzetelnym narzędziem. Może być z powodzeniem stosowany w warunkach polskich.
EN
The aim of this paper is to present the results of Polish validation of Transgression – Related Interpersonal Motivations questionnaire (TRIM-18) by McCullough, Root, and Cohen (2006) which measures the phenomena of forgiveness. The article contains a description of the procedure of Polish translation, the results of the test reliability, discriminant and confirmatory validity. The study was conducted among 530 participants aged between 18 and 84 (345 females and 185 males). Eleven questionnaires were used for assessing the validity of the measurement. This study confirms that the structure of Polish TRIM-18 is relevant to the English language version. Polish TRIM-18 is also a very reliable tool. It can be successfully used in Polish conditions.
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Et creavit Deus hominem. Podstawy antropologii teologicznej

38%
Karwacki R.
Studia Teologii Dogmatycznej
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2015
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vol. 1
EN
Religious and theological question about the man may come from Divine Revelation. It is impossible to truly answer the question without reff ering to the Creator since He is „creavit Deus” the truth of revelation through the faith of the wise man to the fullness of life. God, who is love and life, created man in His own image and likeness, created man and woman. In the humanity of man and woman God inscribed a particular calling to participate in the mystery of communio of God and entrusted the task of dominion over the earth, over creation. God gives grace to his goodness on the way of salvation. He is the Creator and Savior.
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