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EN
This article presented an activity of government midwives in the Free City of Cracow (1815–1846), including the proffesional qualifications of the midwife, their salary and rules of proffesional liability. A detalied analysis of the competence of midwives has been made, also therein rules of receiving childbirth, ways of responding to the threat to health and life of mother and child, equipping with obstetric tools etc. The principles of government supervision (Protomedic, City Physicist, District Physicist) over midwives are also discussed. Fundamental importance for the study were the documents kept at the National Archives in Cracow, official journals and also studies of the history of medicine on Polish lands.
EN
The article shows the course of activities on introducing Polish own currency („National Coin”) in the Free City of Cracow in 1833 and its importance to economic and social life until the late forties of XIX century, when the Austrian authorities issued their own convention coin. The co-operation with the mint in Vienna was reconstructed, where „National Coin” was minted, as well as the stages of earlier negotiations with the Austrian government on this issue. The functioning of the Cracow currency in the years 1815–1833 was shown when apart from the Polish Zloty (the currency of the Kingdom of Poland), coins and banknotes from the times of the Duchy of Warsaw, coins and banknotes from Prussia, French ones and even form Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were in circulation. The documents kept at the National Archives in Cracow as well as official journals and studies of the history of coins on Polish lands were of the key importance for the study.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono przebieg prac nad wprowadzeniem własnej waluty („Monety Krajowej”) w Wolnym Mieście Krakowie w 1833 r. oraz jej znaczenie dla życia gospodarczego i społecznego do końca lat 40. XIX w., kiedy władze austriackie wprowadziły do obiegu własną monetę konwencyjną. Zrekonstruowano przebieg współpracy z mennicą w Wiedniu, w której wybijana była Moneta Krajowa, a także etapy wcześniejszych negocjacji z rządem austriackim w tej sprawie. Ukazano funkcjonowanie krakowskiego systemu walutowego w latach 1815–1833, kiedy w obrocie znajdowały się, oprócz podstawowej waluty, czyli złotego polskiego (waluta Królestwa Polskiego), także monety i banknoty z czasów Księstwa Warszawskiego, monety i banknoty pruskie, francuskie, a nawet z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Podstawowe znaczenie dla opracowania tematu miały dokumenty przechowywane w Archiwum Narodowym w Krakowie, a także publikatory rządowe oraz opracowania dotyczące dziejów monety na ziemiach polskich.
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