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Proces włączania byłych nazistów do budowy demokracji liberalnej w Austrii.

100%
Dobrowolski T.
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
|
2015
|
issue 4
61-84
EN
Due to denazification regulations in the first years after World War II, former Nazi party members were excluded from any form of official political life in the reborn republic. Therefore, to break that isolation, they decided to team up with two liberal journalists, Herbert Kraus and Viktor Reimann, who advocated lifting any restrictors targeted at this social group mainly to prevent the growth of their hostility towards the reborn republic and to facilitate reconciliation between victims of the Third Reich and their oppressors. Finally, in 1949 the party Federation of Independents (VdU) under leadership of Kraus was founded. One of its main goal was to represent the interests of former Nazis. The party managed to win seats in National Council, but soon after its foundation, an internal confl ict between liberals and German nationalists began. That undermined its position severely. In consequence, in 1956 VdU merged with Freedom Party, which led to the establishment of a rightwing populist party Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ). Until today FPÖ plays an important role in the Austrian political life.
2
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Populist narration of the Freedom Party of Austria before the presidential election in 2016

88%
Miecznikowska J.
Przegląd Europejski
|
2016
|
vol. 2016 (42)(4)
88-100
EN
The election of the head of state in Austria in 2016 was in many ways a breakthrough and its course was surprising. Norbert Hofer, a right-wing populist candidate of the Freedom Party of Austria, made it to the second round of presidential election. Technical problems related to the organisation of the presidential election postponed the final decision until December 2016. The aim of this article is to present the main elements of the populist narrative propagated by the FPÖ during the election campaign. The party reached for a well-known arsenal of means, trying to convince voters to their candidate. It underlined the protection of national identity, the defence of the interests of Austria in the European Union, declarations of strengthening the position of president and the inclusion of the people in the governing through direct democracy. The populist rhetoric recurred as well to its permanent elements: criticism of the establishment and the conspiracy theory of the Austrian elite aiming to prevent or postpone the victory of a FPÖ candidate.
3

Populist narration of the Freedom Party of Austria before the presidential election in 2016

63%
Miecznikowska J.
Przegląd Europejski
|
2016
|
issue 4(42)
88-100
EN
The election of the head of state in Austria in 2016 was in many ways a breakthrough and its course was surprising. Norbert Hofer, a right-wing populist candidate of the Freedom Party of Austria, made it to the second round of presidential election. Technical problems related to the organisation of the presidential election postponed the final decision until December 2016. The aim of this article is to present the main elements of the populist narrative propagated by the FPÖ during the election campaign. The party reached for a well-known arsenal of means, trying to convince voters to their candidate. It underlined the protection of national identity, the defence of the interests of Austria in the European Union, declarations of strengthening the position of president and the inclusion of the people in the governing through direct democracy. The populist rhetoric recurred as well to its permanent elements: criticism of the establishment and the conspiracy theory of the Austrian elite aiming to prevent or postpone the victory of a FPÖ candidate.
PL
Wybory głowy państwa w Austrii w 2016 r. były pod wieloma względami przełomowe, a ich przebieg zaskakujący. Do II tury wyborów prezydenckich przeszedł Norbert Hofer kandydat prawicowo populistycznej Wolnościowej Partii Austrii. Techniczne problemy z przeprowadzeniem wyborów prezydenckich sprawiły, że ich ostateczne rozstrzygnięcie nastąpiło dopiero w grudniu 2016 r. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie głównych elementów populistycznej narracji głoszonej przez FPÖ w okresie kampanii wyborczej. Ugrupowanie sięgnęło po dobrze znany arsenał środków, chcąc przekonać wyborców do swojego kandydata. Pojawiły się zarówno hasła ochrony tożsamości narodowej, obrony interesów Austrii w Unii Europejskiej, deklaracje wzmocnienia pozycji urzędu prezydenta oraz włączenia ludu do rządzenia poprzez formy demokracji bezpośredniej. Wykorzystany został także stały element populistycznej retoryki: krytyka establishmentu oraz teoria spisku austriackich elit, zmierzających do tego, aby uniemożliwić lub też odwlec w czasie zwycięstwo kandydata FPÖ.
4
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Kryzys rządowy w Austrii w 2019 roku - polityczne konsekwencje afery taśmowej

51%
Miecznikowska J. M.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio M – Balcaniensis et Carpathiensis
|
2019
|
vol. 4
EN
This article examines the political consequences of the biggest government crisis in the history of the Second Republic of Austria. This ensued after the media revealed in May 2019, the corruption in the activity of the Freedom Party of Austria. The video sting scandal, dubbed Ibiza-gate, has shaken Austria, prompted the collapse of the coalition between the Austrian People’s Party and Freedom Party of Austria, and subsequently brought down the government after the National Council had voted no-confidence to Sebastian Kurz’s cabinet. In this article, a hypothesis is put forward that the scandal has strengthened the Christian Democrats’ position on the Austrian political scene, despite opposition criticism that ÖVP, which decided to cooperate with the extreme right, is co-responsible for the political crisis.
PL
W artykule ukazano polityczne konsekwencje największego w historii II Republiki Austrii kryzysu rządowego, który był następstwem ujawnienia w maju 2019r. przez media korupcyjnych propozycji składanych przez polityków Wolnościowej Partii Austrii. Afera taśmowa nazywana „Ibiza-gate” wstrząsnęła Austrią, doprowadziła do rozpadu koalicji Austriackiej Partii Ludowej i Wolnościowej Partii Austrii, a następnie do upadku rządu Sebastiana Kurza w wyniku wyrażenia przez Radę Narodową wotum nieufności. W artykule przyjęto hipotezę, że skandal umocnił pozycję chadecji na austriackiej scenie politycznej i to mimo krytyki ze strony partii opozycyjnych, że ÖVP która podjęła się współpracy ze skrajną prawicą, jest współodpowiedzialna za kryzys polityczny.
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