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Integracyjny wymiar współczesnej analizy dyskursu w świetle prac językoznawczej szkoły francuskiej

100%
Szczepankowska I.
Stylistyka
|
2014
|
vol. 23
31-48
EN
The observations described in this páper are concemed with the linguistic discourse analysis carried out by representatives of the contemporary French school, the members o f which include among others: Jean-Michel Adam, Patrick Charaudeau, Catherine Kerbrat-Orecchioni, and Dominique Maingueneau (some of them come from Swiss and Belgian French-speaking communities). The domain of their research, the most impor- tant traditions, as well as the sources of inspiration and relations between the examined field with other scientific disciplines (not only linguistics) are the principál subjects un- der discussion in this páper. The achievements o f the French school in the area o f dis­ course analysis prove the integrative naturę of the disciplině, which combines various fields of study o f language, style and text, that is in particular: stylistics (including rhetoric and the theory o f a literary work of art), pragmatics and text linguistics. The author demonstrates also the significance o f the relations between discourse analysis and other Sciences: philosophy, cognítive science, psychology and sociology, at the same time emphasizing that the broadly defined inlerdisciplinary studies remain (for various reasons) in the sphere of postulates. Among the many obstacles is the separation of sociál Sciences in the 20lh century.
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The origins of academic work on tourism: a European perspective

75%
Butowski L.
Turyzm
|
2020
|
vol. 30
|
issue 2
13-25
EN
The purpose of this article is to fill in the gap in knowledge about early academic work on tourism which had developed first of all in Europe. The author has tried to achieve this aim by conducting a retrospective analysis of chronological and institutional-methodological aspects of the evolution of tourism studies. As a result, he has distinguished two aspects (each divided into two): 1) chronological: a period of precursors and a formal academic period; 2) methodological: research within one discipline and interdisciplinary research. The results enabled the author to formulate general conclusions for critical discussion. It primarily concerns the domination of the English language and the Anglo-American tradition in the literature which is the reason why the global picture of achievements in tourism studies is incomplete and thus imperfect. The accomplishments of smaller, yet well-established, “national schools” are often ignored and remain almost unknown internationally. The author hopes that the article will be an encouragement to undertake research on early tourism studies in individual countries and to publish its results internationally as this will broaden knowledge of the origins of academic work in tourism.
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