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Osada ludności kultury łużyckiej w Deszcznie, pow. Gorzów Wielkopolski

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Kozłowska D.

Materiały Zachodniopomorskie

2012

vol. 9

51-100

Materials presented in this article are the result of two seasons of excavations. At the outset, it is worth noting that the location of the settlement in Deszczno, in the so-called contact zone, makes it interesting from a sources aspect and from a ‘Pomeranian perspective.’ The site 11/13 in Deszczno belongs to the open settlement type. All features recorded there were below ground ones. Amongst them pits of unrecognized function (118) and postholes (70) dominate. Furthermore, 65 oval and circular pits, rectangular or trapezoidal in section were recorded, which hypothetically are the remains of cellars or proper storage pits. Hearths occurred in the settlement in question only rarely. Despite excavating a large area of the settlement its spatial organization is not clear. Unfortunately, the poor state of the features’ preservation does not allow for a more detailed interpretation of their functions. Remains of probable dwellings, which are one of basic elements in distinguishing hypothetical farms’ boundaries, were recorded occasionally. It can be assumed that large, irregular features are only the sunken parts of larger overground buildings. Unfortunately, it was impossible to find any evident remains of this type of construction linked with dwellings. It is also difficult to perceive a division of space into separate zones, such as residential and agricultural or production and agricultural ones. Production and agricultural features were scattered within the entire excavated area. Numerous and chronologically diverse materials discovered on the site indicate the long-term use of the place, at least from the late Bronze Age to the Middle Ages. The settlement in question, related to communities of the Lusatian culture, was present here as early as from period IV of the Bronze Age. This is indicated by infrequent but evident elements of the Uradz style of pottery decoration. Its small number on the site seems to match the general trend in the occurrence of this type of pottery in Greater Poland and the Lubusz Land region. According to M. Kaczmarek, it may indicate that the phenomenon of the Uradz style was of slightly shorter duration than was assumed and covered only a part of period IV of the Bronze Age. Perceptible settlement activity occurred on the site during the next stage dated to the turn of period V of the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. This period also marks the beginning of phenomena associated with the development of settlement of the Górzycka group of the Lusatian culture encompassing areas on both sides of the lower Warta and Noteć River basins as well as the middle and lower Odra River. The increased activity of this group in the aforementioned zone is confirmed by discoveries of numerous sites.

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1 Materiały Zachodniopomorskie

1 Kozłowska D.

1 2013

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Osada ludności kultury łużyckiej w Deszcznie, pow. Gorzów Wielkopolski