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EN
The „Realistic“ as well as Modern authors modified Slovak literature at the end of the 19th century in different ways of representation. The study attempts to identify relevant features which show the authors´ retrograde motion expanding on the well-established national values and on the other hand the progressive literary motion heading towards the territory of the universal European values. M. Kukučín as the first of Slovak artists identified the central problem of the arts explicitly – the frequent incompatibility of an idea and its artistic form. He mentions a gap, an abyss which is impossible for an author to overcome. The study finds the Modern authors among those who admit the abyss moreover it become their creative base. The older generation tried to fill the gaps under the influence of the complete national literary system concept, especially those related to literary genres. In pursuit of establishing their own literary systems Hviezdoslav, Vajanský as well as Vansová have no interest in leaving free spaces for the readers to fill. The young generation of writers abandoned the ambition of the wholeness in the name of establishing the author´s subject. The context of Kukučín´s big unfinished novel projects, which present him as a complicated melancholic person – as opposed to what the tradition says, makes us realize that unwillingness to include these extensive prose fragments in Slovak literary historical continuity create an unfilled gap in Slovak literature of the 19th century.
EN
Business cycle synchronisation between V4 countries and the euro area is important in regard to the costs of the common monetary policy. This paper addresses the issue of business cycle synchronisation by directly calculating cross correlations, by calculating cross correlations from primary impulses, and finally by calculating output gap component correlations from common and country-specific shocks. In regard to the output gap, the results of all three methods are approximately the same: before 2001, the business cycles of V4 countries were not synchronised with the euro area (low or negative correlations); between 2001 and 2007, the correlations turned positive as V4 countries joined EU and trade between V4 countries and the euro area increased; and during the economic crisis of 2008 – 2009, synchronisation increased still further.
Avant
|
2011
|
vol. 2
|
issue T
83-95
EN
The theme of this book is the deep continuity of life and mind. Where there is life there is mind, and mind in its most articulated forms belongs to life. Life and mind share a core set of formal or organizational properties, and the formal or organizational properties distinctive of mind are an enriched version of those fundamental to life.
EN
The paper deals with the relationship between provided credit and non-per-forming loans (NPL) in the Czech Republic (CR). In the period 1994 – 2016 the CR experienced both periods of rapid credit growth and the transition to market economy followed by a strong convergence process. The aim of the paper is to investigate the effects of credit growth on the NPL dynamics. The selected method is Bayesian estimation with instrumental variables. Results demonstrate positive relationship between the credit growth and the NPL dynamics; however, estimated posterior mean values are rather small and imply that the credit growth influenced the accumulation of credit risk and the origination of the NPL in a modest way. Moreover, the effects are stronger in the CR compared to the prior value (close to zero), which is calculated based on the information obtained from the international empirical studies.
EN
Conflicts in the 21st century have forced qualitative changes in the way of training missionary personnel. Police forces are currently used in various joint operations, which include, among others, elements of the fight against terrorism, ensuring the security of civilians and training of security forces. New types of operations require corrected preparation systems. This article analyses the previous way of preparing such units as Individual Police Officers, Specialized Police Teams, Formed Police Units, as well as the issue related to the training modification proposal, and one of them is the implementation of the virtual game “Gaming for Peace” as a supplement to the training gap through modern and more effective training.
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