Search results - CEJSH

1

Globalization and Global Problems - Its Nature and International Impact

100%

Fiszer J. M.

Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)

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2005

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issue 17

153-183

EN

Globalization processes raise many emotions, controversies and changes in international relations, ties and cooperation. Presented attitudes vary from enthusiasm to its total critic. In the center one finds those ones with positive attitudes towards globalization, or those who take advantages of its pragmatic values. The author assumes that there are three 'schools' of thinking about the globalization and each of them contain extreme and reasonable views. In general one may say that enthusiasts consider globalization as a potential factor of global effectiveness and increase of standards of lives in every corner of our planet. The pessimists think that free market, globalization of trade and financial markets, and of information, lead to one unified global market and cultural patterns. Globalsceptics think that globalization it is only a myth because nothing new has happened to the existing integration of the world market. They reject the thesis of globalists that the power of state has been limited. On the contrary, the states are the major players and architects of international economy. The third group, the supporters of global transformations, think that the contemporary globalization has far reaching consequences for the economic, political and socio-cultural relations. The author presents a table with 14 most important issues with views of both fractions of globalists. Other problems analyzed by the author are: notions and characteristics of globalization, attitudes towards globalization, global problems and their classification (socio-economic and civilization-culture relations, problems connected with the scientific and technical progress and problems of the milieu). As the last issue the author analyzes the impact of the international terrorism on globalization.

2

MESTO PRE TURISTOV. STRATÉGIE PRI TVORBE VLASTNÉHO IMIDŽU

63%

Vrzgulová M.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2005

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vol. 12

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issue 2

157-165

EN

Tourism as a modern phenomenon is connected with numerous trends and processes attracting attention of the social scientists in Slovakia. The case study deals with the strategies of local management in tourism. The aim of the managers is to transform the city to the attractive destination for tourists. To accomplish it, however, they have to balance between globalization and local processes and constraints.

3

Multilateral Agreement on Investments. An Attempt at Analysis

63%

Niegodzisz W.

Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)

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2004

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issue 15

261-284

EN

Since 1991 the Committee on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises (CIME) and Committee on Capital Movements and Invisible Transactions (CMIT) work on joint project of multilateral pact concerning investments. Multinational Agreement on Investment (MAI) is considered to be a new quality in international treaties. It requires from the would-be participating states unconditional acceptance of obligations stemming out of those treaties and defines rules, which the involved states have to apply when agreement on international investment is signed. Such treaties are defining regulations and describing methods of solving problems, allowing the states to bring their cases to the international courts. Often voiced criticism against MAI can be seen as an effect of deep reservations of some nations concerning the world globalization. The critical attitudes can be summed up in five points: 1. Economic globalization went too far. Free movement of goods is not favored in every country. 2. The balance between the state and the market has been destroyed. The corporations have too much say. 3. Globalization is a challenge for a national sovereignty. 4. Globalization reduces transparency and political responsibility moving authority from elected representatives to non-elected international bureaucrats. 5. Globalization limits national and local possibilities making political and economic choices.

4

THE WEST AND THE ARAB WORLD IN THE LIGHT OF GLOBALISATION (Zachód i swiat arabski w swietle globalizacji)

63%

Brataniec K.

Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)

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2008

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issue 21

43-58

EN

The article dwells on the complex problem of globalisation and, in particular, on its influence on both modern Western and traditional Arab societies. It presents the dilemmas related to the contact of local culture and the modern one in the context of the Arab world. Apart from this, it touches upon some of the basic problems related to globalisaton, such as the asymmetrical development of particular regions of the world, the restricted role of the nation state, the impact of globalisation on the social environment and the emergence of trends towards particularism, aimed against the process of uniformising the world.

5

STRATEGIES OF ENTERPRISES GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES (Strategie przedsiebiorstw wobec procesów globalizacji)

63%

Borowski J.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2009

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issue 4(44)

130-142

EN

The article is divided into two parts of which the first provides the reader with a concise description of the globalization process whereas the second part analyses the impact of globalization on changes in enterprise strategy. By analysing the evolution of the globalization process, the author shows the prime mover of globalization in the form of a series of specific favourable conditions for its development, and developing processes in the form of economic spheres which are significant for its development, and its characteristic features that result from these activities. The second larger part of the article presents an analysis of changes in the strategies of enterprises caused by globalization, especially those in the general strategy prepared at the level of the board of directors, competition strategy (created at the line-of-business level) and marketing strategy.

6

MANUEL CASTELLS' THEORY OF THE NETWORK SOCIETY AS AN EXAMPLE OF NON-DETERMINISTIC AND NON-LINEAR CONCEPT OF THE SOCIAL CHANGE

51%

Kryszczuk M. D.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2004

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vol. 48

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issue 4

3-35

EN

Article provides a general framework of Manuel Castells' theory of the Network Society which is successively presented in his three-book series entitled: 'The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture'. The concept of the Network Society refers to general social change which reflects on technological transformation connected with rapid diffusion of ICTs, a process popularly conceived as 'informational revolution'. This explains why we start with the notion of 'informational society' and 'knowledge-based society' terms introduced by such economists like Machlup and Porat, and subsequently popularised by Bell, Ginzberg, Naisbitt, Drucker, Toffler and Masuda. Nowadays we have observed an immense stream of research that is concentrated on social, economic, political and cultural consequences of rapid digitalisation (e.g. Social Informatics). In the field of the Informational Age and its cultural consequences, Manuel Castells stand for the most important theoretician.

7

EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL CRISIS ON GLOBAL FOOD ECONOMY (Ocena wplywu swiatowego kryzysu na globalna gospodarka zywnosciowa)

51%

Chechelski P.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

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2010

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issue 4(325)

14-29

EN

Many experts believe that the reasons for ongoing economic crisis lie in the financial market. Liberalization of capital flows and technological progress allowed the globalization of financial markets, leading to emergence of liquid financial markets, with, in turn, resulted in a divergence between real and financial spheres. However, the crisis on financial market has not significantly affected food production. The production for consumption purposes in developed countries slowed down, though it was compensated by growth in developing countries. Further growth in demand for food in developing countries may trigger an increase of prices, which in turn may contribute to significant changes in perception of the development of global food economy. It seems that the initiated socioeconomic changes may be a sign of striving for a more sustainable global development.

8

Aktualne wyzwania w pracy wychowawczej z młodzieżą gimnazjalną

51%

Szczęsna A.

Rocznik Lubuski

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2010

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vol. 36

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issue 1

227-243

EN

The article concerns current challenges in educational work with youth from middle schools. Educational challenges on the global level and those related to changes in our country are enumerated in the first part. The second part is the analysis of teachers' opinions on the subject of current challenges connected with working with youth. The article ends with a reflection on the teacher's role in the alternating reality.

9

LATENT VERSUS OPEN PERCEPTION OF GLOBALIZATION AS A CULTURAL THREAT: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FROM SLOVAKIA

51%

Baboš P.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 3

-

EN

This study follows Dreher’s work based on research in more than 120 countries over more than three decades which resulted in identification of three globalization dimensions: economic, political, and social. Globalization is mostly perceived as an economic threat to the majority of society, but in recent years there is increasingly more people perceiving it as cultural threat as well. Higher intensity of travelling and international exchange of ideas may lead many people to experience simultaneously both traditional and modern culture, and also culture coming from various geographic regions to be present in one place. In the Slovakian cultural space the trend is visible; for instance, in commercialization of foreign holidays, entertainment, the food industry, etc. As a consequence, many people may have the feeling that an increasing pervasive modern life style is pushing out what they considered traditional, rooted in values that are culturally stable. This study aims to contribute to this debate by studying negative attitudes towards globalization as a cultural threat, and compares the latent perception with open and clearly articulated attitudes. This study employs experimental methods; more precisely the list experiment which is typical for latent perception research. The analysis was based on the linear regression analysis, which puts the answer on the number of agreed items on the left-hand side of the equation. Control variables, such as demographics, socio-economics, and other factors previously linked to the globalization attitudes (such as the EU attitudes) are on the right-hand side of the equation.

10

EURÓPSKA MENOVÁ ÚNIA V KONTEXTE GLOBALIZAČNÝCH PROCESOV SVETOVÉHO HOSPODÁRSTVA

51%

Gonda V.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2006

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vol. 54

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issue 4

352-367

EN

The paper describes the beginnings of the European monetary integration as the effect of world economy's globalization. Globalization is defined as a dominant tendency in the development of the world economy at the end of the millennium resulting in the formation of regional integration blocks, especially the triad America - Europe - Asia . Globalization of the monetary system leads to the creation of the monetary areas; one of the most formed ones is a Euro zone. The author characterizes the European Monetary Union as a unique phenomenon. He outlines its benefits (the decrease of the transaction costs, the elimination of the exchange rate risk, the increase of the price transparency) and the costs (the loss of the independent monetary policy, the loss of the exchange rate as an economic-monetary tool) and evaluates Euro as a specific tool of the integration with the Western European countries.

11

GLOBALIZATION AS A MAIN FACTOR OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM (Globalizacja jako glówny czynnik ewolucji wspólczesnego systemu miedzynarodowego)

51%

Zodz-Kuznia K.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2009

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issue 1(330)

61-82

EN

:Globalization is the basic law of development and change of the contemporary international system, giving it a new dimension and intensifying hitherto processes of the evolution of international relations. What is especially significant is the impact of globalization on state and non-state participants of the international system. This impact is ambiguous: it can strengthen some subjects and weaken others sometimes even to the point of undermining the sense of their existence. We can also see a growing impact of globalization processes on the structure of the international system. The formal legal stratum of international order is gradually disintegrating due to a relativization of the common principles of international relations on which it has so far been founded. Also the vertical dimension of the contemporary international system is evolving towards further verticalization of its structure. This is accompanied by the emergence of a new quality in international relations in the form of global problems, i.e. problems which on account of globalization assume a worldwide dimension.

12

PHENOMENA AND TENDENCIES OF TRANSFORMATIONS TAKING PLACE IN THE POLISH FAMILY (Zjawiska i tendencje przemian dokonujacych sie w polskiej rodzinie)

51%

Sniezynski M.

Horyzonty Wychowania

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2011

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vol. 10

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issue 20

223-241

EN

In the past two decades, family has been undergoing sudden and exceptional transformations. Apart from the unquestionable achievements of globalization, it is necessary to point out that an era marked with an indefinite character, relativity and axiological chaos is coming. In order to realize the dangers and threats which can affect our families, the author wants to draw our attention to several phenomena and tendencies which are on the increase. These are: the degeneration of family traditions, the decreasing index of three-generation families, the undermining of parental authority, the marginalization of the educational function, parents' economic migration, the lack of time for the family, the weakening of family bonds, the decrease of activity index, the increase of divorce rate, the spread of cohabitations.

13

PUBLIC SECTOR UNDER CONTEMPORARY CONDITIONS (Sektor publiczny w warunkach wspolczesnych)

51%

Kleer J.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2008

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issue 4(40)

19-36

EN

The author of this article makes an attempt to point out that 'contemporary conditions', especially globalization processes exert a significant influence on the functioning of the public sector and, consequently, on its model approach. Accordingly, neither traditional model of a welfare state nor neoliberal economy model can fully explain the functions and duties of the public sector and its relation to the environment. This indicates a need for a new model of public sector which will be adequate to the fast-moving environment, even if we assume some stability of certain elements of the sector.

14

PHILOSOPHY IN CONTEMPORARY GEORGIA (Filosofiia v suchasnii Hruzii)

51%

Tevzadze G.

Філософська Думка

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2010

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issue 4

14-26

EN

The article is devoted to the contemporary developments of the 16-century-old professional philosophy in Georgia. The term 'contemporary' here defines the period after 1953 in soviet and post-soviet Georgian history, when totalitarianism remained, albeit in its milder form. Along with the recognized philosophers (Sh. Nutsubidze, K. Bakradze, S. Danelia, S. Tsereteli, Z. Kakabadze, et al.) the achievements of young philosophers working in Georgia, as well as abroad, are shown in the article.

15

Brytyjskie inwestycje bezpośrednie jako forma międzyna-rodowego rozwoju przedsiębiorstwa w Polsce

51%

Okoniewska N.

Zarządzanie i Finanse

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2012

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vol. 1

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issue 1

227-240

EN

A characteristic feature of modern economy are increasing capital flows, especially in the form of foreign direct investments. Transfer of capital in the form of foreign direct investment is the most dynamic phenomenon of world economy. Foreign direct investment flows between countries, contribute to the economic revival of the countries where the low supply of capital is a major barrier to economic growth. The results of undertaken research showed that British direct investments from the UK have been concentrated mainly in commerce and industry, the share of total trade in the British direct investment shows a growing trend, a steady decline in the share of industry. Industry structure of British investment in Poland is in line with general trends continuing in the structure of foreign direct investment in Poland, observed in developed countries, where most of FDI is invested in the services sector. It was also found that the spatial feature of British direct investment, as investments from other countries, is their location in regions with the largest economic activity and developed infrastructure.

16

Procesy językowe w komunikacji internetowej jako przejaw globalizacji języka

51%

Szczepańska E.

Bohemistyka

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2009

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vol. 9

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issue 1

51 - 62

EN

The phenomena enumerated and discussed in the paper fall under the process of globalization of communication, which has been present in the language sphere for some time, similarly as the globalization processes in other walks of life. These phenomena include both the older processes (internationalisation, intellectualization, univerbation) and the relatively new ones, as e.g. the expansion of Anglicisms, a particular type of abbreviations, emoticons, etc. The latter are mainly present in the Internet communication, which will probably intensify the globalization processes not only in language. Observation of such phenomena should also go hand in hand with the care for proper moderation of use in this sphere.

17

TO THE BOOM OF MEDIA THEORIES

51%

Horisch J.

Slovak Review. A Review of World Literature Research

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2007

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vol. 16

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issue 1

5-12

EN

The article presents a historical and troubleshooting summary of the development of new media and their theoretical conceptualizations. In a connection with their advancement it formulates several theses: since 1950s the media theory arises as a phobic leftist reaction to the new media (Th. W. Adorno, G. Anders) criticizing the so-called cultural industry, although the leftist media theory was tolerant to the new media in the first half of the 20th century (S. Kracauer). The author places the rejection to debit of, among others, the one-sided interpretation of Benjamin's theses from his 'The Work of Art in the Age of its Technical Reproduction'. A compensation of the new media comes with M. McLuhan and his theorems that the media enlarge the possibilities of man, create autonomous messages, and change the world into a 'global village'. N. Postman followed McLuhan in sense of cultural-conservative criticism, and J. Meyrowitz derived a positive notion of a role of electronic media in his thesis on the implementation of the new social borders through media. The author considers theses stating that the new media implicitly include a power element and an element of violence, and he inclines to the opinion that elite criticism of the new media comes from misunderstanding of their capabilities and the late creation of the theories in view of the technical-civilization progress.

18

The concept 'axial age' or new light on the question of globalization

51%

Szakolczai A.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

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2004

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issue 1

36-65

EN

The aim of this paper is to shed new light on the question of globalization, using the concept 'axis time' or 'axial age', coined by Jaspers, and developed further by Eric Voegelin and Shmuel Eisenstadt. It argues that the current processes of globalization can be better understood through the developments of the 'first global age', the age of the world-conquering empires (Persian, Macedonian and Roman). Using contemporary work in comparative anthropology and mythology, especially by Victor Turner (liminality) and Rene Girard (sacrificial crisis), it reconstructs axial age thought and spirituality, from classical Hebrew prophecy and the pre-Socratic philosophy to Buddha and Plato as attempted responses given to the liminal crisis of the age of empire-building, focusing on the restoration of measure. In its last section the paper argues that the sociologically effective response to the crisis was given by the rise of Christianity, as it managed to reverse the spiraling movement of violence and conquest by an opposite type of spiral, based on grace and gift-giving.

19

LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE POLICY AFFECTING IMPORT IN LATIN AMERICA (Liberalizacja importowej polityki handlowej w Ameryce Lacinskie)j

51%

Kruszka M.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2010

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issue 1(45)

19-37

EN

This paper analyses the relationship between liberalization of trade policy and dynamic of real merchandise import of Latin America countries, utilizing models based on panel data. Gross Domestic Product and relative prices are found to be significant determinants of import demand function. The results also show that the reduction of import duties and elimination of other trade distortions have a strong, positive impact on real import growth.

20

GLOBALIZATION- THE PROCESS AND ATTEMPTS OF ITS DESCRIPTION BY SOCIAL SCIENCES

51%

Drozd-Piasecka M.

Etnografia Polska

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2004

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vol. 48

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issue 1-2

57-79

EN

The authoress tries to present and systematize our knowledge about and approaches to contemporary processes defined as globalization. The studies on globalization and its influence on the society have been based on four paradigms- stretching, intensification, interpenetration and infrastructure. They include studies on business and economy, politics, social systems, culture (language, religion, education, leisure time activities), psychology of interpersonal as well as intercultural relations. Nowadays globalization doesn't only concern the material and technological sphere and social structures It also reaches deep into value systems, beliefs, language and other elements of identity, i.e. processes of globalization enter into the sphere of culture. Literature on globalization is voluminous and is extending incessantly . In this article the authoress had to limit her considerations to presenting the main trends of these studies with special emphasis on the processes concerning culture. The exchange of cultural goods on the world scale has extended enormously in the recent decade. It is visible in TV and cinemas. Greater part of culture becomes media culture. Quick development of technology, computerization, the Internet and other media and their gadgets spread all over the world and affect social relationships in particular countries, language and all the complex of historical and cultural conditions supported by local media. In the great scientific debate on globalization in the recent years, two opposing approaches can be distinguished: the globalist and the traditionalist ones. The more differentiated attitude is included in the transformationalist approach. Each of these approaches has been discussed in the article together with the most important theories and research methods attributed to them. Within the globalist approach the optimistic (positive) globalists have been presented; among them the author distinguishes two types: a) those concentrated on the development of the 'global village', b) the liberal perspectivists concentrated on democratic nature of free market and advantages of wide choice of cultural goods. Next she discusses the category of pessimistic globalists. In the discussion of the latter much attention has been given to theories and concepts developed by this approach, and namely: increased inequality, concentration of the ownership of media in great corporations and cultural imperialism. In the next part of the article the author deals with the interpretations of globalization in social sciences. She points at the most important issues: the character of the contemporary processes of globalization, their dissimilarity from and relation to similar processes of the previous decades, the influence of globalization on national and state sovereignty, the contribution of globalization to developing new inequalities and divisions in the world. In other words: new patterns of winners and losers. Separate place in the study is dedicated to contemporary movement defined as anti- or alter-globalist, as a response to worldwide changes.

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