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BETWEEN GLOCALISATION AND GLOBAL AWARENESS. SOME REMARKS ON THE BASIS OF JÓZEF CHELMOWSKI'S WORK

100%
Pomiecinski A.
Lud
|
2007
|
vol. 91
95-110
EN
The article discusses the relation between globalisation and local contexts. It treats the process of globalisation as relative with respect to the culture of everyday life, evident in the face-to-face relations (housework, workplace, everyday symbolic forms). It also discusses the problem of glocalisation, stemming from the discussion of the work of Józef Chelmowski, a Kasubian folk artist. Glocalisation appears to be a manifestation of the strengthening of ties between the local forms of culture and the process of globalisation. This relation helps us to get a closer look at the functioning of global awareness among members of modern society, at the local level.
2
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GLOBALISATION VERSUS GROUP IDENTITY. BETWEEN THE TEXT AND RESEARCH PRACTICE (Globalizacja a tozsamosc zbiorowa. Pomiedzy tekstem a praktyka badawcza)

100%
Chwieduk A.
Lud
|
2010
|
vol. 94
73-86
EN
The article discusses the contradictions between the general scientific reflection on globalisation present in social sciences and the attempts of the anthropologist who tries to interpret the phenomenon of globalisation and its social and cultural consequences in a specific local space. Two opposing scientific discourses appear against this background - one is theoretical, rather poorly rooted in empirical research and focused on the attempt to capture universal features of globalisation, detached from a specific place and time, and the other, more anthropological, primarily focused on the phenomenon of glocalisation, which is engaged in field research. Our understanding of the globalisation/glocalisation processes depends on how these phenomena are conceptualised and on the adequate research method chosen.The author discusses the character of relations linking globalisation to the identity building processes and makes references to the concepts of such researchers as Roland Robertson, Ajrun Appadurai, Ulf Hannerz, Manuel Castells, James Clifford, and Zygmunt Bauman. She shows examples of the empirical research of globalisation processes, presented in Polish anthropological texts. The author emphasises the need to conduct profound studies aimed at capturing the sense that local communities associate with the globalisation impacts, thus reorganising their particular world and reconstructing their identity.
3
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AN ETHNIC GROUP AT THE TIME OF GLOBALISATION - THE EXAMPLE OF KASHUBIANS (Grupa etniczna w dobie globalizacji - na przykladzie Kaszubow)

75%
Kwasniewska A.
Lud
|
2010
|
vol. 94
173-190
EN
The article discusses the situation of Kashubians in Poland against modern globalisation processes. The Kashubian language, identified as one of the basic elements of identity and the foundation of the culture of this group is gradually disappearing, particularly as the everyday means of communication. Reluctance of the young generation to speak the language and the diminishing role of the family as the enculturation group are among the main reasons for this. On the other hand, an opposite trend is observed, namely revitalisation of the Kashubian language in the public space, which is accompanied by the strengthening of its legal status and its recognition as the regional language, having the status of an auxiliary official language. The regional artistic creativity is also an important element of the Kashubian identity. Today pride of one's own cultural heritage, promoted by the local press, television, radio, Internet, cultural events, organisations and institutions, is a significant factor contributing to and strengthening the identity. The author shows how the processes that strengthen the Kashubian identity overlap globalisation phenomena. She presents Kashubia as a region whose inhabitants look for equilibrium between globalisation trends and retention of their ethnoregional uniqueness.
4
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ON GLOBALISATION AND GLOCALISATION OF BIOMEDICINE - THE EXAMPLE OF KAZAKHSTAN (O globalizacji i glokalizacji biomedycyny - na przykladzie Kazachstanu)

75%
Penkala-Gawecka D.
Lud
|
2010
|
vol. 94
107-120
EN
The article deals with the processes of globalisation and glocalisation, i.e. adaptation of global ideas and emergence of their local forms, with reference to biomedicine in Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan. The author analyses the problems of penetration and adaptation of Western medicine in Central Asia from the historical perspective, using written sources. While presenting contemporary glocalisation of biomedicine, she relates to her long time field research conducted in Kazakhstan in the second part of the 1990s. The expansion of Western medicine in Central Asia is connected with the conquest of these lands by Tsarist Russia. This period was characterised by the lack of a clear border between biomedicine and traditional medicine - the former adapted to a large extent to the local conditions. It was not a strong rival to the traditional forms of healing, which still satisfied most of the health needs of the population. On the other hand in the first period of Soviet rule very strong propaganda was directed against traditional medicine as based on superstitions, reactionary, and opposing progress. Nevertheless, biomedicine adapted to the local socio-cultural conditions, also in the Soviet period. The trends to bring together biomedicine and different unconventional therapies intensified particularly when Kazakhstan and other states in the region gained their independence after the fall of the Soviet Union. Some unconventional methods were incorporated into biomedicine (e.g. acupuncture or manual therapies), others, especially those originating from Kazakh folk medicine, were recognised and recommended by the state as good supplement to biomedicine. The author analyses these processes, drawing attention to the close relation between the growing importance of complementary medicine and the political and socio-cultural situation of that period.
5
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Globalizacja i glokalizacja religii bon na przykladzie spolecznosci Ligmincha w Stanach Zjednoczonych i Polsce

75%
Urbanska-Szymoszyn A.
Lud
|
2011
|
vol. 95
177-201
EN
The article discusses the Tibetan bon religion, which is becoming popular in the West. Differences and similarities of two bon communities established by Tenzin Wangyal from Tibet are discussed – the Ligmincha Institute in the United States of America and Garuda Association in Poland. They are the result of the globalisation of the bon religion and different processes of its glocalisation in different socio-cultural contexts. The problems discussed are connected with the transcultural character of broadly understood Buddhism, including the Tibetan bon religion, and the appearance and development of this new religious movement in Western culture and society. The author analyses the organisation and functioning of the Ligmincha communities, their relations with the religious motherland and trans-Buddhism as a cultural phenomenon. The article is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Poland, India and the United States.
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