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EN
During the Greater Poland Uprising of 1918/1919 the newspapers 'Kurier Poznanski' and 'Dziennik Poznanski' provided considerable coverage of the activity of the German troops: 'Heimatschutz' and 'Grenzschutz'. Those were formations recruited by the government in Berlin in mid-November and beginning of December 1918 respectively, to defend Germany's eastern territories and dispatched to combat Poles, among other reasons out of fear of losing the Grand Duchy of Posen. Regrettably, both daily papers did not pay adequate attention to a detailed presentation of facts. As a result, many reports either lack such basic information as the date and place of the described event or the data pertaining to its precise location are extremely laconic. Such an approach to reported events might suggest that some of the accounts, especially those concerning brutal murders of the civilian population and Polish soldiers, could have been manipulated for propaganda purposes. It must be remembered that newspaper columns were an arena of struggle for the awareness of the reader, who was persuaded to support views represented by a particular newspaper and the groups that shared its options. Despite the above mentioned shortcomings, analysis of the press of those times enables to view the Greater Poland Uprising from a different, hitherto marginalized, perspective.
EN
The manner of presentation of the genesis, course and outcome of the Greater Poland Uprising of 1918/1919 on the pages of historical syntheses differs depending on the authors' ideological assumptions and degree of knowledge of detailed studies on the subject. Controversies over the Greater Poland Uprising voiced in the historical syntheses of the interwar period stemmed from the ideologies of two rivaling political forces: the national democrats and the Pilsudski camp. The takeover of power by the Marxist left resulted in a radical change of paradigm in the manner of presentation of the genesis, course and outcome of the greater Poland Uprising. In keeping with Marxist ideology, the causes, developments and results of the uprising were traced to conflict between social classes. The year 1989 which marked the beginning of fundamental changes of the political system in Poland also brought a thorough revision of the mode of presenting the history of modern Poland. As concerns the Greater Poland Uprising those changes consisted in a complete departure from considering the event in the context of any social conflicts. The image of the Greater Poland Uprising in monographic syntheses remains far more varied than can be attributed to the style of narration of particular authors. The syntheses presenting this event are not free from oversimplifications, mental shortcuts that distort historical truth, dubious hypotheses barely supported by historical facts or simply common errors.
EN
Among the Polish uprisings the ones most often mentioned include: the Kosciuszko uprising, five Greater Poland uprisings, the November uprising, the Cracow uprising of 1846, the January uprising, the three Silesian uprisings and the Warsaw uprising. The question that is asked in connection with each of them is whether it was necessary and whether it broke out at the right moment. For obvious reasons only one of them does not raise such doubts: the Greater Poland uprising of 1918/1919. The citizens of Greater Poland took part in Polish armed insurrections beginning with the Kosciuszko uprising, and also played a significant role in the service of the nation in the sphere of culture, saving from destruction invaluable relics of the past and organizing great scientific libraries that exist until today. Their way to the uprising was long and lasted 124 years (1794-1918), from participation in the first Polish national insurrection up to a formal end of the armed struggle after the First World War. During the time of Germanization conducted by increasingly ruthless methods - following a reactivation of the Reich under the aegis of Prussia - the Polish society in the Poznan Province was hardened and prepared to defend itself. Poles had gained a thorough knowledge of the methods of the enemy, tried to avail themselves of the official German legalism and also used propaganda to influence attitudes in Europe. On account of all these factors the cause of regaining independence towards the end of the war did not come as a surprise.
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