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The paper offers a substantive view of humor and claims that Davies' comparison of humor testifies to his interest in substance as well.
EN
Book review: Brône G., Feyaerts, K. and Veale, T. (eds.) (2015). Cognitive Linguistics and Humour. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 248 pp.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie w jaki sposób osoby dorosłe uczące się języka greckiego jako obcego (L2) definiują swoją tożsamość poprzez teksty narracyjne o charakterze humorystycznym. Używając modelu pozycjonowania narracyjnego Bamberga (1997) oraz opozycji skryptów i obiektu dowcipu będących częścią ogólnej teorii humoru słownego (General Theory of Verbal Humor) (Attardo 1994, 2001) do przeanalizowania zbioru 135 tekstów o charakterze humorystycznym, wyróżniono dwie główne kategorie: (a) narracje o tożsamości legitymizującej oraz (b) narracje o tożsamości wyrażającej opór. W niniejszym artykule omawiamy po jednej narracji z każdej kategorii, w której została wyrażona postawa narratora wobec wybranych socjolingwistycznych elementów kontekstu języka greckiego. Humor okazuje się głównym narzędziem przy konstruowaniu tożsamości i wyrazicielem postaw, a narratorzy albo akceptują dominujące wartości obecne w kontekście języka L2, albo odcinają się od nich.
EN
The aim of this paper is to explore how adult learners of Greek as a second language construct their identities through humorous written narratives. Analyzing 135 written humorous narratives with Bamberg’s (1997) narrative positioning model and the knowledge resources of script opposition and target from the General Theory of Verbal Humor (Attardo 1994, 2001), we detect two main categories: (a) narratives of legitimizing identities and (b) narratives of resistance identities. Here we discuss one narrative of each category in which narrators position themselves towards aspects of the Greek sociolinguistic context. Humor emerges as a basic tool for identity construction and stance expression, as narrators either align themselves with dominant values of the L2 context or disassociate themselves from it.
EN
Creativity with words or pictures is not simply a matter of communicating a message, but of communicating it well, in a way that is effective, original and which defies convention. Effectiveness here pertains to the pragmatic goals of the communicator, and the extent to which these are achieved, while originality pertains to the manner in which the message is framed. Language, for instance, provides a wealth of conventions for framing a message; indeed, the vast part of language is a solidified body of culturally received conventions, which fix the meaning of words and phrases and determine the contextual appropriateness of specific terms, topics and conversational strategies. To frame a message in a novel manner that stretches or even subverts these conventions, a communicator must imbue the elements of communication-whether words, gestures or pictorial elements-with additional meanings. This duality of meaning is not arbitrary, however, or communication cannot succeed. Rather, a creative communicator must draw out secondary meanings that are already implicit in the stock elements of communication, in a way that the audience can understand, appreciate and replicate. Duality thus lies at the heart of creative communication, allowing a communicator to say one thing and simultaneously convey another, secondary message that may augment or subvert the overt content of the communication. This mechanism, which draws out and gives prominence to that which is normally unseen or implicit, is Figure-Ground Reversal.
EN
Joking Asides: The Theory, Analysis and Aesthetics of Humour is a collection of twelve essays on humour, and more specifically on jokes, written by Elliot Oring, professor emeritus of anthropology and folklorist. In this review, I try to present his work, briefly sketching the author’s main positions and critiques about others’ work and the state of the art on humour research. I would strongly recommend such reading both to scholars and students willing to acquire a broad perspective on humour research and to be exposed to exemplary and acute critical reasoning ideal for inspiring new paths that humour research could take trying to solve the many questions still open after thousands of years.
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