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Civic Gentry in Sáros County in the 19th–20th Century. The History of Hazslinyszky Family, Part II.

100%

Koudela P.

West Bohemian Historical Review

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 2

91-120

EN

In the first part of this sequence to discuss the concept of Hungarian gentry, its character, role in society and depiction in literature I wrote about the Hazslinszky family, its roots and most relevant member: Frigyes, representative of the first generation of a newly emerged gentry society in Hungary. In the following, his brother’s, sons’ and grandsons’ lives are analyzed from the viewpoint of a more and more controversial social development during the first half of the 20th century. The signs of belonging to a rather noble strata appeared in the second generation: marriages show high connectedness, but values were constant. A new administrative stratum evolved in this period showing a fairly integrated image as a historical formation, but behind the employment groups, social positions, digging deeply into personal fates we found very altering value systems. These lives represent an alternate to those mostly described in Hungarian historiography characterizing a whole period.

2

Civic Gentry in Sáros County in the 19th Century. The History of Hazslinyszky Family, Part I

100%

Koudela P.

West Bohemian Historical Review

|

2015

|

vol. 5

|

issue 1

29-50

EN

The concept of gentry in Hungarian 19th century history usually backed by its literary counterpart, most famously by those characters in Mikszáth Kálmán’s novels and short stories. The proud but lazy and hedonistic lifestyle, in connection with its useless political and public role in Hungarian society, is so far widespread in public opinion that even in history writing doesn’t lack it. In this article I want to rebut this mostly stereotypic picture drawn about multiple social strata and a complex social phenomena. For my purpose I use a genealogical approach due to its relevance from a micro-historical viewpoint. A lifespan, especially an intergenerational mobility route, can represent the features of a social group and family time, described by stories of life courses, can help to make conclusions to mentality, thus through the story of Hazslinszky family, described in this study, we can get closer to those part of impoverished gentry, who became intellectuals and picked up civic values rather than being flighty and irresponsible snobs.

3

Dyplomata. Żołnierz. Literat. Hrabia Franciszek Xawery Pusłowski w świetle dokumentów komunistycznego aparatu represji

72%

Machniak A.

UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

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2021

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vol. 20

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issue 3

78-92

EN

Count Franciszek Xawery Pusłowski was born in France on June 16, 1875. He studied law, philosophy and art history. He was fluent in six languages. During World War I, he was arrested in Russia. As a result of efforts made by influential friends in 1918, he was released from captivity after the personal decision of Feliks Dzerzhinsky, the head of the Cheka. After the end of World War I, he participated in the Versailles peace conference. Until 1923, he served in the diplomatic corps. He was an opponent of Józef Piłsudski and his political camp. After being released from military and diplomatic service, he was active as a writer, publicist and social activist. He also led an intense social life. During World War II, he lived in Krakow. After the war, in 1945-1950, he was the vice-president of the Society of Friends of Fine Arts. He also worked as a sworn translator at the District Court in Krakow and as a lecturer at the AGH University of Science and Technology, the Jagiellonian University and the Krakow University of Technology. Despite the politically uncertain times, Pusłowski ran his salon in Kraków after 1945, where Kraków artists, journalists, sportsmen, soldiers and his students from Kraków universities used to visit. Count Pusłowski was famous for the fact that, thanks to his relatives living abroad, he had at his home excellent coffee and curiosities, rare for the post-war years, such as figs and pineapples. He remained under the interest of the communist security authorities, inter alia, due to international contacts and the art collection.

PL

Hrabia Franciszek Xawery Pusłowski urodził się we Francji 16 czerwca 1875. Studiował prawo, filozofię i historię sztuki. Posługiwał się biegle sześcioma językami. W trakcie I wojny światowej został aresztowany w Rosji. W wyniku zabiegów wpływowych przyjaciół w 1918 r. zwolniono go z niewoli po osobistej decyzji szefa WCzK Feliksa Dzierżyńskiego. Po zakończeniu I wojny światowej uczestniczył w obradach konferencji pokojowej w Wersalu. Do 1923 r. pełnił służbę w dyplomacji. Był przeciwnikiem Józefa Piłsudskiego i jego obozu politycznego. Po zwolnieniu ze służby wojskowej i dyplomatycznej działał aktywnie jako literat, publicysta i społecznik. Prowadził równocześnie intensywne życie towarzyskie. W trakcie II wojny światowej mieszkał w Krakowie. W latach 1945–1950 był wiceprezesem Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Sztuk Pięknych. Pracował jednocześnie jako tłumacz przysięgły przy Sądzie Okręgowym w Krakowie oraz jako lektor na Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej, Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim i Politechnice Krakowskiej. Pomimo niepewnych politycznie czasów Pusłowski prowadził po 1945 r. krakowski salon, w którym bywali artyści, dziennikarze, sportowcy, żołnierze oraz jego studenci z krakowskich uczelni wyższych. Słynął z tego, iż dzięki swoim krewnym mieszkającym za granicą dysponował w swoim domu wyśmienitą kawą i rzadkimi w powojennych latach rarytasami, takimi jak figi czy ananasy. Był przedmiotem zainteresowania komunistycznych organów bezpieczeństwa, między innymi ze względu na kontakty międzynarodowe oraz posiadaną kolekcję dzieł sztuki.

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2 West Bohemian Historical Review

1 UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

2 Koudela P.

1 Machniak A.

1 2021

2 2015

Civic Gentry in Sáros County in the 19th–20th Century. The History of Hazslinyszky Family, Part II.

Civic Gentry in Sáros County in the 19th Century. The History of Hazslinyszky Family, Part I

Dyplomata. Żołnierz. Literat. Hrabia Franciszek Xawery Pusłowski w świetle dokumentów komunistycznego aparatu represji