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Etnografia w archiwum. Chłopskie podania o ziemię poniemiecką w gminie Łazisko w centralnej Polsce. Antropologiczny przyczynek do Historii Alternatywnej reformy rolnej (1944)

100%
Latocha S.
Zeszyty Wiejskie
|
2019
|
vol. 25
109-122
EN
The article – by probing / pipetting method – presents the Polish peasants’ applications for former German land in the Łazisko commune from the period of land reform (1944). It opens a problem area and shows that the ethnographic / anthropological reading of documents, which are peasant applications for land, attempts to illuminate an old problems with a new light. The article is a contribution to the Alternative History of land reform, the axis of which is to examine the peasant experience of land reform in the context of relations with German settlers who disappeared from the common local cultural landscape. The alternativity or anthropology of the approach used is based on: shifting the perspective from a macro historic to a micro historic one, focusing on documents located on the border of formality and informality (objectivity and subjectivity, facts and sphere of emotions), deriving history from national borders (for the purpose of focusing on universal suffering), the discourse of counter-history.
2
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Dissonant Heritage as a By-Product of the Postwar Agrarian Reform in Poland. From Postmemory to Ethnoarchaeology

67%
Latocha S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
|
2019
|
issue 34
107-127
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest dysharmonijne dziedzictwo przedstawione na przykładzie poniemieckich wsi w Polsce centralnej. Reforma rolna (1944) zmieniła lokalny krajobraz społeczny i kulturowy, usuwając z niego niemieckich mieszkańców. W poniemieckich gospodarstwach, domach żyją współcześnie rodziny beneficjentów reformy – polskich chłopów. Artykuł ma charakter osobisty, opiera się na postpamięci autora, który bazując na archiwaliach (m.in. aktach stanu cywilnego, podaniach chłopów o poniemiecką ziemię) i informacjach od swojej babki pamiętającej swoich niemieckich sąsiadów, próbuje „wskrzesić” wielokulturową przeszłość i tych, którzy byli częścią tego krajobrazu. Autor w zarysie przedstawia koncepcję badań etnoarcheologicznych tego dysharmonijnego dziedzictwa będącego produktem ubocznym reformy rolnej (1944) w Polsce.
EN
The subject of the paper is dissonant heritage exemplified by former German villages in Central Poland. The agrarian reform (1944) transformed the local social and cultural landscape by removing its German inhabitants. Today, former German farmsteads are occupied by families of the reform beneficiaries – Polish peasants. The paper is personal as it is based on the postmemory of the author, who used archival sources (including vital records and peasants’ letters of application for the post-German land) and information from his grandmother, who remembers her German neighbours, in an attempt to ‘revive’ the multi-cultural past and those who used to be a part of this landscape. The author outlines the concept of ethnoarchaeological research into the dissonant heritage being a by-product of the agrarian reform (1944) in Poland.
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