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EN
The article concerns the problem of machine translation, discussing both its advantages and drawbacks. The author’s main purpose is to put the popular online translator, Google Translate, to the test by means of various text types. Google translations are then analyzed and compared to their source texts. This will allow one to specify with which text types Google can cope considerably well, and which it cannot handle at a satisfactory level. The analysis will also shed some light on the future role of human translators.
DE
Die maschinelle Übersetzung, die die sofortige Übersetzung großer Textmengen ermöglicht, wird zu einem äußerst wertvollen Werkzeug für eine schnelle Kommunikation. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Probleme, die bei der maschinellen Übersetzung auftauchen, und Versuche, diese zu lösen.
EN
Machine translation as permitting instant translation of an extensive volume of texts, is becoming an invaluable tool for quick communication. This article reviews the problems encountered in machine translation and attempts to solve them.
Porównania
|
2020
|
vol. 26
|
issue 1
299-313
EN
In 1950, the brilliant British mathematician Alan Turing proposed a test to determinea computer’s ability to generate natural language sentences. The computer passed the test when the human communicating with it by means of a screen was unable to discern if they were talking to another human or to a machine. Today the dynamic development of machine translation software makes us wonder about the possibilities of automatically translating literature, including poetry. Can a computer- generated translation pass for a human one? What linguistic and textual phenomena are most likely to expose the artificial intelligence of the translator? Can the computer-generated translation be viewed as a work of art?
PL
W 1950 roku wybitny brytyjski matematyk Alan Turing zaproponował test określający zdolność komputera do generowania zdań języka naturalnego. Komputer pomyślnie przechodził próbę, jeśli rozmawiający z nim za pośrednictwem ekranu człowiek nie był w stanie stwierdzić, czy jego interlokutorem jest homo sapiens, czy maszyna. Dziś dynamiczny rozwój komputerowych programów tłumaczeniowych skłania do pytań o możliwości maszynowego przekładu tekstu literackiego, w tym poetyckiego. Czy tłumacz elektroniczny może przełożyć wiersz tak, by odbiorca myślał, że przekładu dokonał człowiek? Jakie zjawiska językowe i tekstowe najbardziej demaskują sztuczną inteligencję translatora? Czy stworzony w ten sposób tekst można rozpatrywać w kategorii dzieła sztuki?
EN
Abstract: In this paper we examine translation arising in court cases involving reputational damage. A diachronic and tightly focused cross-jurisdictional selection of examples from case law is used to highlight the range of ways in which translation can be employed, blamed, or relied upon by the parties and by the courts, and we glimpse how translations can be a source of libel, a defence against libel, or a gateway to libellous material, how crucial translation can be in protecting or damaging reputations, and how significantly it can affect a case’s outcome. We apply Engberg’s lens for communication in legal contexts, distinguishing micro, meso and macro occurrences of translation at publisher/business/individual, judicial, and State levels. Recurring translation-related topics either mooted by courts or arising in our analysis are then outlined, including: competing translations; translation techniques; translator identification; online translation; how the acceptance of jurisdiction may be influenced by translation requirements; and how judges approach decision-making when foreign language documents and translation are involved.
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