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Meeting the European green deal objective of expanding organic farming

100%
Kowalska A., Bieniek M.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2022
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vol. 17
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issue 3
607-633
EN
Research background: Economic growth is unsustainable. However, a circular economy has the potential to lead to sustainable development, while decoupling economic growth from the negative consequences of resource depletion and environmental degradation. The EU's strategy of climate neutralization in 2050 developed, inter alia, into a European Green Deal action plan aiming at the efficient use of resources by moving to a cleaner, circular economy. More sustainable EU food system is a cornerstone of the European Green Deal. The European Commission's goal is 25% of agricultural land to be used for organic production in 2030. The question is if it is possible to reach the objective with the use of current incentives. What else may be done to encourage European farmers to convert to organic farming? Purpose of the article: The aim of this research is to review the development of organic agriculture in Europe and the EU and to identify incentives for farmers to convert to organic farming. Methods: First of all, the methodological approach is to iteratively review the existing literature to frame the problem. Secondly, the data on organic agriculture in Europe is to be analyzed to answer the research questions. The analysis is based on international statistics, mainly collected by FiBL, IFOAM, EC Agri-food data portal and Eurostat..Fitting the trend functions to the actual data has been made in three scenarios (pessimistic, realistic and optimistic). These trend functions were used for the long-term forecasts of the share of organic farmland in the EU. Findings & value added: The long-run forecast might be treated as a goal, which can motivate to act more intensively to achieve the objective. The existing measures, including organic farming payments, are not sufficient to meet the goal of massive increase in the acreage under organic production. It is necessary to develop new incentives e.g. Green Public Procurement, innovative and effective media campaigns, development of a dynamic network of actors within the organic food supply chain with the use of blockchain technology.
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Kształtowanie trendów w rozwoju „zielonych” zamówień publicznych w świetle uregulowań wspólnotowych

51%
Matusiak A.
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny
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2013
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vol. 75
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issue 3
49-58
EN
Green Public Procurement denotes a proceeding in which the procurement process involves at least one environmental factor already present at the needs assessment stage, when the subject of procurement is defined, its technical specifications formulated, and the procurement criteria or the manner in which it will be conducted are decided upon. The aim of the GPP is to determine the environmental issues in the tendering procedures to the fullest possible extent. The main idea behind the GPP is establishment of clear and challenging ecological criteria for products and services. Green Public Procurements are not obligatory, only recommended, and sadly not at all popular in Poland where ecological criteria in tenders are seldom respected, despite the fact that if properly promoted, in a long perspective GPP could bring considerable profits to all the environment.
PL
Termin „zielone” zamówienie odnosi się do takiego postępowania, w którym zamówienie uwzględnia przynajmniej jeden z czynników środowiskowych już na etapie określenia potrzeb, zdefiniowania przedmiotu zamówienia, sformułowania specyfikacji technicznych, wyboru kryteriów udzielenia zamówienia lub sposobu wykonania zamówienia. Celem zielonych zamówień publicznych jest w możliwie najszerszym zakresie uwzględnianie kwestii środowiskowych w procedurach przetargowych. Główną ideą ekologicznych zamówień publicznych jest ustalenie jasnych i ambitnych kryteriów środowiskowych dla produktów i usług. Nie bez znaczenia jest działalność Komisji Europejskiej w tym zakresie. Należy zachęcać przedsiębiorstwa do rozwijania technologii środowiskowych. Nie wolno zapominać, że bardziej zrównoważone wykorzystanie zasobów naturalnych i surowców będzie korzystne dla środowiska i całej gospodarki. Ze względu na interes społeczny, poprawę jakości życia i stanu środowiska naturalnego ważne jest, aby w zamówieniach publicznych aspekty środowiskowe były uwzględniane w możliwie jak najszerszym zakresie. Należy podkreślić, że co prawda „zielone” zamówienia publiczne stanowią instrument dobrowolny, niestety obecnie kryteria środowiskowe są przez polskich zamawiających stosowane nad wyraz rzadko.
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