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THE CULTURE OF SPEAKING IN PUBLIC

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Deme L.

Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

2005

vol. 129

issue 3

269-274

Egalitarianism in communication (suggested in Hungarian by using familiar second-person forms in addressing all kinds of people), and especially a generally roughened style of speaking, are not the products, carriers, and enhancers of equal proximity but rather those of equal alienation or equal distance. This point must be clearly made. But adherents of mother-tongue cultivation, those who care for the culture of language use, might perhaps do more than that. Indeed, for many people, the carelessness, rudeness, and indecency of their speech are a matter of mere habituation. But as such, they are not only the external reflection of not caring about the other person, the speech partner: they also tend to boost such speaker's behaviour from within. If somebody learns how to 'zip his lip', that is, to look around to see who he is talking to or in the presence of, and curb the spontaneous and unstrained outburst of his emotions, he will perhaps come to check the feeling itself. The 'glaze of civilisation' thus assumed, once it solidifies, might lead him to internal refinement and a reshaping of his habits; eventually it may lead him from himself to the other person, the other people. It is only in that way that he can find his way back to himself.

NOVELTY DETECTION AND AGING: PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

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Czigler I., Balazs L., Pato L., Poszet E., Weisz J.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

2006

vol. 61

issue 4

581-595

Stimuli outside the task-set ('novelty stimuli') may initiate the processes of the orientation complex. These processes comprise the activity of neural networks contributing to the emergence of N2b and P3a/P3novelty components of event-related potentials. In the elderly these components have longer latency and smaller amplitude for auditory as well as visual stimuli. Delayed latency corresponds to the slowing of mental processes in the elderly. Amplitude change may be due to compromised inhibitory processes. The age-related change of the efficiency of inhibitory processes is evidenced by the decreased habituation of the orientation-related event-related potential components. In younger participants P3a/P3novelty habituation is evident within an experimental session, within the blocks of the session and even for the repeated presentation of the same stimulus. No such habituation processes were detected in the elderly. According to the results of three studies in the visual modality, N2b is related to the conflict between the processing of the incoming novelty stimuli and the response requirements of the representation of the incoming task.

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1 Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

1 Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

1 Balazs L.

1 Czigler I.

1 Deme L.

1 Pato L.

1 Poszet E.

1 Weisz J.

1 2006

1 2005

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THE CULTURE OF SPEAKING IN PUBLIC

NOVELTY DETECTION AND AGING: PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS