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MARITAL STATUS, SMOKING AND BINGE DRINKING IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE

100%
Hamplová D.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2018
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vol. 50
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issue 6
647 – 671
EN
The paper explores cross-national differences in the link between marital status, smoking and binge drinking. Using the International Social Survey Data (ISSP Health and Health Care) from 2011, it tests whether the gap between married and single individuals depends on the prevalence of the vice in the society. This hypothesis was partly corroborated for binge drinking in both male and female samples though the link between marriage and alcohol consumption is reversed in the high prevalence context. In case of smoking, the idea of the decreasing role of marriage in countries where tobacco use is widespread was confirmed only among men. The analysis also showed that cohabitation was not as strongly linked to health practices as marriage.
2

COPING STRATEGIES AS PREDICTORS OF HEALTH BEHAVIOUR IN CHRONIC DERMATOSES

100%
Kossakowska M. M., Ciescinska C., Tkaczyk J., Ciescinski J., Placek W. J.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 1
21-32
EN
This study aims to measure health behaviour change in chronic dermatoses and to assess the predictive power of coping strategies for engagement in health behaviour. The research sample was comprised of 120 participants, which included a group of 60 patients with chronic dermatoses (30 patients with psoriasis and 30 patients with vitiligo) and 60 healthy individuals as controls. Instruments used in this study were Health Behaviour Inventory and Coping Orientations to Problems Experiences COPE. The study revealed that there is no difference in health behaviour between vitiligo patients and controls. Psoriasis patients more frequently engage in preventive behaviour than healthy individuals. Coping strategies can be used to predict health behaviour in chronic dermatoses.
3

EMBODIMENT PERSPECTIVE ON PROTECTION MOTIVATION THEORY: THE IMPACT OF INCIDENTAL WEIGHT SENSATIONS ON THREAT-APPRAISAL, COPING-APPRAISAL, AND PROTECTION MOTIVATION

88%
Kaspar K.
Studia Psychologica
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2015
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vol. 57
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issue 4
301 – 314
EN
This study shows how the cognitive components of the protection motivation theory (PMT) are affected by embodied information in the context of skin cancer prevention. Weight sensations were manipulated by writing on a light versus heavy clipboard. Heaviness increased the mean self-efficacy of 120 participants and their coping-appraisal but decreased the perceived rewards of maladaptive behaviour. In contrast, weight neither affected the perceived severity of maladaptive behaviour nor the importance of tanned skin. Thus, the results are only partially compatible with the metaphor-oriented approach of embodied cognition. Moreover, while a sensed heaviness increased this correlation, increased coping-appraisal, but not threat-appraisal, increased participants’ reported protection motivation. The results suggest enlarging the spectrum of environmental inputs affecting the cognitive parameters of the PMT. The results also raise the question of the validity of self-reports in a pencil-and-paper administration mode and they may indicate the utility of bodily sensations in therapeutic settings.
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