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WARSAW COLLECTIONS OF HISTORICAL MILITARIA DURING THE PARTITIONS. PART I. ARMOURIES AND COLLECTIONS (Warszawskie kolekcjonerstwo militariów historycznych okresu zaborow. Cz. I. Zbrojownie i zbiory)

100%

Ajewski K.

Muzealnictwo

2006

issue 47

25-45

In the wake of the last partition of Poland (1795) the gathering of militaria, especially Polish ones, in a country deprived of its political independence became the imperative of etery patriotic collector, and constituted a sui generis service performer for the sake of the country, enhancing an awareness of national identity. Warsaw, the capital of the subjugated country, became the site of several noteworthy collections. One of them was the property of Marceli Bacciarelli, the court painter of the last king of Poland, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. The second collection belonged to Prince Jozef Poniatowski, and yet another, composed of armoury exhibits, was featured at the Royal Arsenal in Dluga Street. Nonetheless, the only public collection of militaria at the time of the Kingdom of Poland was the armoury belonging to General Jan Henryk Dabrowski, located since 1818 in the building of the Warsaw Society of Lovers of Science. After the defeat of the November Uprising in 1831 all the collections ceased existing. The more important collections of historical militaria shown up to the last war, and created in the first half of the nineteenth century by members of the Warsaw aristocracy, included the collections of the Krasinski, Zamoyski, Potocki and then the Przezdziecki families. The second half of the nineteenth century witnessed the emergence of private collections of historical arms and armament created in Warsaw by enthusiasts representing the local intelligentsia. These collectors included Justynian Karnicki, director of the Museum of Fine Arts in Warsaw, Antoni and Antoni Jan Strzalecki, Gustaw Soubise-Bisier, an antiquary, Wojciech Kolasinski, painter and conservator, and Artur Oppman, poet and man of letters. The Museum of Antiquities, briefly a part of the Main Library in Warsaw, also collected historical arms.

COLLECTING HISTORICAL MILITARIA IN PARTITIONS-ERA WARSAW. PART II. FUNCTIONING IN SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS (Warszawskie koleckjonerstwo militariów historycznych okresu zaborów. cz. II. Funkcjonowanie w swiadomosci spolecznej)

100%

Ajewski K.

Muzealnictwo

2007

issue 48

61-67

Wider circles of society in the Kingdom of Poland experienced considerable difficulties with becoming familiar with private collections of magnificent examples of historical weaponry. Amassed in the residences of their owners, the collections were available only to a chosen few, the only exception being the armoury of General J. H. Dabrowski, rendered accessible to the public up to 1830. Brief opportunities of seeing the impressive weapons were created by, i. a. funeral ceremonies conducted after the death of the renowned military and statesmen, buried in Warsaw. In the course of such events, catafalques were decorated with historical weapons from various collections. The projects and execution of such ceremonies, created by Zygmunt Vogel, a painter and a professor at Warsaw University, were distinguished by a frequent application of banners and panoplies composed of historical weaponry and emphasising links with warfare. The most important ones were associated with the burials of Commander-in-Chief Prince Jozef Poniatowski (1813 and 1814), Napoleonic-era generals - Jan Henryk Dabrowski (1818) and Stanislaw Mokronowski (1821), as well as the commander of the Knights School during the reign of King Stanislaw Augustus - Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski (1823). The last religious-patriotic ceremony of this type preceded the outbreak of the November Uprising of 1830 and involved the consecration of a mausoleum containing the heart of King Jan III Sobieski in the Warsaw Capuchin church. In the second half of the nineteenth century, collectors of militaria enjoyed a chance to present their accomplishments in the course of antiquity exhibitions, organised since 1856 and stemming from widespread interest in the history of the Polish state. In lieu of a National Museum, absent in the oppressed country, the exhibitions displayed the previously concealed and dispersed magnificent Warsaw collections of historical weaponry, thus creating a foretaste of the Museum in a free homeland.

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1 2006

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WARSAW COLLECTIONS OF HISTORICAL MILITARIA DURING THE PARTITIONS. PART I. ARMOURIES AND COLLECTIONS (Warszawskie kolekcjonerstwo militariów historycznych okresu zaborow. Cz. I. Zbrojownie i zbiory)

COLLECTING HISTORICAL MILITARIA IN PARTITIONS-ERA WARSAW. PART II. FUNCTIONING IN SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS (Warszawskie koleckjonerstwo militariów historycznych okresu zaborów. cz. II. Funkcjonowanie w swiadomosci spolecznej)