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A MANUSCRIPTURAL MAP OF THE PODLASIE PROVINCE BY KAROL DE PERTHÉES FROM 1795. ITS SOURCES, METHOD OF DRAWING AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR HISTORICAL RESEARCH

100%
Ertman A.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2007
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vol. 16
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issue 1-2(31-32)
129-137
EN
The objective of the paper is to show the value of descriptions of parishes used as a basis for the 'detailed map' of the Podlasie province by K. de Perthées. To this aim a comparative analysis was carried out of the content of the map of the Podlasie province of 1795 with source materials; volume 12 of the Geographic statistical description of the parishes of the Kingdom of Poland, Textor's map on a scale of 1:150,000, and a pre-World-War-Two topographic map on a scale 1:300,000. It turned out that the basis for K. de Perthées 'detailed maps' was constituted by descriptions of parishes of the whole Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth obtained by means of a questionnaire. This diverse and rich material was used by de Perthées to make synopses and sketches for each parish and decanate. An initial analysis of the map and descriptions indicates that the descriptions are richer in content than the map. The authoress concludes that the descriptions constitute a valuable source for historical-geographical research. The actual value of the representation in the map is increased thanks to the existing sources.
2
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MAP-DOCUMENTED HISTORY OF EXPLORATION OF SIBERIA AS EXEMPLIFIED BY SELECTED WEST EUROPEAN MAPS OF THE 16th AND 17th CENTURY

80%
Szaniawska L.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2006
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vol. 15
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issue 1-2(29-30)
207-241
EN
The paper focuses on the exploration, and later the drawing of maps, of territories that are far removed from the civilizations responsible for such attempts. In particular, it shows how the maps were at first filled with misleading images and then, along with gradual advances in the exploration of unknown lands and seas, how these were replaced by a picture more consistent with reality. It seems that maps of Northern Asia published in Western Europe since the 16th century are a particularly good example of the potential of maps as carriers of the Europeans' knowledge and ignorance. The maps document successive stages in the exploration of inaccessible areas of Siberia. They carry both elements taken over from the knowledge of ancient Greek geographers and those that were derived from the most recent discoveries made at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. It is interesting and quite characteristic of the maps of Siberia that fantastic and misleading content freely co-existed with bona fide information from field research. Until the second half of the 18th century, i.e. until a Russian atlas of the Russian Empire was published by the Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg, maps appeared on the book market of Europe whose authors had no geographical knowledge at all. A very good example is provided by how the islands of Novaya Zemlya were represented on maps published by European publishing houses after the discoveries of Willem Barents.
3
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A FORGOTTEN MANUSCRIPT BY THE ROYAL CARTOGRAPHER, KAROL DE PERTHEES, FROM 1779

80%
Ertman A.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
|
2006
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1-2(29-30)
243-254
EN
The goal of the current study is to show the usefulenes as source material of a manuscript by Karol de Perthees which presents the method used in compiling his detailed maps of particular provinces of Poland. In the manuscript, the cartographer presented his plan of work on the detailed maps and he described the methods thanks to which a certain degree of precision could be obtained in compiling maps on the basis of itineraries and accounts. The procedure used by de Perthees in his work is evident from the points which he used to summarize it: - On the division of the country in the detailed maps; - Details on the maps of provinces and districts; - On roads in general and on detailed distances from one place to another; - How to correct mistakes and supplement missing information; - On astronomical observations; - Interesting and useful details which can be added to maps of districts; - Notation to be used in the detailed maps. The manuscript is of great value as a source material for historical-geographical research, for it makes it possible to reconstruct successive stages in the drawing of de Perthees's maps.
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