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THOMISTIC ANTHROPOLOGICAL DUALISM (Tomisticky antropologicky dualismus)

100%
Peroutka D.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2011
|
vol. 18
|
issue 1
26-39
EN
The Thomistic proof of the immateriality of human reason consists in the argument from the fact that intellection has as its object not empirical particulars but abstract universals. A standard objection against dualism plays up the problem with the causal influence of the soul on the body (psychophysical problem). The Thomistic solution depends on the hylemorphic conception of the soul as a substantial form of body, i.e. on the view that the human soul is (also) that in virtue of which a human body has those essential properties which it has.
2

Z dyskusji o naturze życia – Bohdan Rutkiewicz

84%
Zhuravskyy V.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2019
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vol. 47
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issue 1
114 - 140
EN
This article addresses the conception of life as it is formulated by Bohdan Rutkiewicz, a pre-war professor of KUL – the Catholic University of Lublin. Its primary focus is on the ontological and methodological foundations, i.e. methodological pluralism, substantialism, and teleologism. While engaged in a debate with the mechanistic and intuitionistic conceptions of life, as well as with some branches of vitalism, Rutkiewicz indicates the value and legitimacy of a philosophical explanation of the phenomenon of life and the necessity of combining this type of knowledge with scientific research. The phenomenon of life is to be explained within the confines of classical substantialism, according to which an analysis of concrete organisms is supposed to be a point of departure for investigating the essence of life because life phenomena are centred there; they are the principal manifestations of animate nature. In the organic world one observes also a teleological moment, which – according to Rutkiewicz – induces us to search for the ultimate sources of the biocosmos. Now seeking the reverse foundation of the structure and dynamism of animate nature Rutkiewicz points to the Absolute as the ultimate reason for the world’s harmony and finality. In each organism there is an inherent life factor, which is the principle of unity in the very nature of the organism. It is owing to its guiding activity that the organism takes part in the general biocosmic purpose.
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