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Ocena poziomu rozwoju dużych miast w Polsce – wyniki badań wykorzystujących wzorzec rozwoju Hellwiga

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Adamowicz M., Janulewicz P.
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
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2016
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issue 2(64)
68-86
PL
Celem pracy jest określenie i ocena poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego największych miast w Polsce oraz różnic i dysproporcji, jakie występowały między nimi w latach 2010–2012. Przedmiotem badań było 30 miast, w których liczba mieszkańców przekraczała 120 tys. Miasta te odgrywają kluczową rolę w państwie. Do napisania pracy wykorzystano literaturę problemu i badania empiryczne, które przeprowadzono na danych zaczerpniętych z Banku Danych Lokalnych GUS przy wykorzystaniu metody wzorca rozwoju Hellwiga. Rozpatrywano 67 danych diagnostycznych, których liczbę po weryfikacji formalnej ograniczono do 42 zmiennych. Zostały one podzielone na pięć kategorii: cechy demograficzne, jakość i dostępność usług kulturalno-oświatowych, warunki pracy i bezpieczeństwa społecznego, warunki mieszkaniowe i potencjał gospodarczy. Dla wybranych cech określono charakterystyki statystyczne pozwalające na ocenę różnic i dysproporcji. Po redukcji w badaniu wykorzystano 21 zmiennych. W wyniku analiz wyróżniono cztery grupy miast reprezentujących rożny poziom rozwoju lokalnego. Badania pozwoliły na porównawczą ocenę rozwoju każdego miasta z punktu widzenia badanych cech. Zastosowana metoda wskazała na istotne dysproporcje w rozwoju lokalnym badanych jednostek. Wykazano przydatność metody do oceny rozwoju miast i możliwość wykorzystania uzyskanych w wyniku badań miar i wskaźników syntetycznych jako narzędzi w zarządzaniu miastami.
EN
The aim of the paper is to define and evaluate the level of local socio-economic development of largest cities in Poland, as well as the differences and disproportions which appeared between them in the years 2010-2012. The subject of the research were 30 cities in Poland whose population exceeded 120 thousand. These cities fulfil key roles in the country. A literature review and an empirical analysis were used as the base for this work. The data from the Local Data Bank (by CSO) were analyzed with the use of one of the taxonomic methods – the Hellwig development pattern method. Originally, 67 diagnostic variables were examined which, after verification, were cut down to 42 variables. Five groups of variables were distinguished: demographic figures, quality and availability of cultural and educational services, labour and social security conditions, housing conditions, and economic potential. Statistical description of the cities was prepared for all the groups of variables. The differences and disproportions between the cities were revealed. After reduction, 21 variables were used. Four groups of cities representing different levels of local development were distinguished. The results of the research allow for a comparative assessment of each city with reference to its characteristics. The research results showed substantial differences and disproportions in the level of local socio-economic development of the surveyed cities. The used method proved to be an adequate tool for local development analysis. The synthetic measures and indexes proved to be a useful tool of city management.
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Disparities in the level of regional technical infrastructure development in Poland: multicriteria analysis

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Miłek D.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2022
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vol. 17
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issue 4
1087-1113
EN
Research background: The development policy currently promoted by the European Union is focused on the use of the territory?s internal resources. Among the factors affecting regional development, by building its potential, infrastructure, being a basic necessity for developing activity in a given area, is of significant importance. Hence, investment in infrastructure is critical to stimulating economic dynamism, as it is the basis for supporting a variety of measures aimed at economic growth. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to evaluate the level of development of technical infrastructure and changes taking place in this field in Polish voivodeships in 2008 and 2020. Methods: The study was carried out using the Hellwig development pattern method and a comparative analysis of the technical infrastructure of Polish regions. The above approach makes it possible to measure the diversity of the state and availability of infrastructure for the communities of the regions. Findings & value added: While implementing the study aim, particular attention was paid to the spatial differences in the level of development of the technical infrastructure of Polish voivodeships. The analysis enabled to distinguish groups of voivodeships with the highest, high, low, and very low level of technical infrastructure development. From a long-term perspective, the conducted research can be seen as a contribution to existing research and serve to further compare the impact of technical infrastructure on the economic development of countries. The strength of the study is the adequately long time span of the analysis (2008 ? the period of the financial crisis and 2020 ? the COVID 2019 pandemic), which provides a basis for the formation of the infrastructure in question. The added value of the article is also a regional perspective on the level of development of technical infrastructure using multidimensional methods of statistical analysis. The results of the study can be used to make decisions at the national level regarding the retrofitting of infrastructure in regions with a low level of infrastructure development. For the European Union's decision-makers they can be a source of knowledge of where to direct EU funds the purpose of which is the infrastructural development of regions.
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