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EN
The following paper is based on the concept of literature and mediality of memory (Astrid Erll) which deals with the function of literary texts in creating and maintaining collective memory. Using these methodological incentives, it focuses on the determination and characterization of ways in which Czech literary works co-create and preserve the memory of the 20th century Hlučín Region, as well as, vice versa, the ways involved in suppressing some layers of memory and oblivion. The area described is selected, inter alia, because of its discontinuous and multi-layered memory influenced by geopolitical changes in Central Europe. The study thus provides a more detailed view of how artistic literature, as a medium of collective memory, can function within the phenomena of the so-called abused memory and memory work (Paul Ricoeur).
EN
The Hlučín Region is a small border area in the Moravia-Silesia Region. Its history is specific. Over 25 years in the 20th century, its border shifted three times and its inhabitants' nationality also changed three times. The region was annexed by the German Reich in 1938 and its inhabitants gained the rights of citizens of the Reich, with the obligation to enlist in the Wehrmacht, the armed forces of Germany. These historical turning points and their consequences after the Second World War are part of the cultural and communicative memory of most of the local people. The purpose of the article is to show the communicative memory of Hlučín Region inhabitants and the common knowledge of 20th century historical events to be one of the important integral parts of regional identity, which is a source of regional consciousness. Hlučín Region inhabitants identify themselves strongly with their region and society. This identification results from specific culture finding its expression in shared values, faith and traditions, and from the awareness of their own specificity. As a consequence of the predominant regional endogamy, this culture is handed down from one generation to another. Strong regional consciousness based on this identification, has a positive influence on the rich communal life and possibilities of stabilization and further development of the region.
EN
This article deals with the development of the regional policy of two successor states after the break-up of Austria-Hungary — after the First World War. At that time, regional policy, as we know it from the present time, did not exist, but after the First World War, the economic situation in crisis periods (post-war reconstruction, the world economic crisis) required governmental intervention.
Bohemistyka
|
2017
|
issue 3
241-256
EN
The paper discusses the issue of (national/ethnical) cultural heritage and conflict between hegemonic politics of memory and collective memory of cultural/ethnic minority on the example of Silesian tetralogy by Eva Tvrdá, a writer tied to Hlučín Region. Some of novel characters betray their families and community and choose assimilation into Czech or German society, but yet full assimilation is impossible, and identity cannot been reestablished. Constant feeling of being empty and incomplete becames a heritage, which Tvrda‘s characters pass down to the next generation.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia problem (narodowego/etnicznego) dziedzictwa kulturowego oraz konfliktu między polityką pamięci prowadzoną przez hegemona a pamiecią kolektywną mniejszości kulturowej/etnicznej – na przykładzie tetralogii śląskiej Evy Tvrdej, pisarki związanej z kraikiem hulczyńskim. Część bohaterów opowiadań Tvrdej zdradza wspólnotę rodzimą na rzecz asymilacji z czeskim lub niemieckim społeczeństwem, jednak pełna asymilacja jest niemożliwa, a tożsamości nie da się już odtworzyć. Nieustanne poczucie bycia niepełnym oraz ciągle odczuwany brak stają się dziedzictwem, które boahterowie Tvrdej przekazują kolejnym pokoleniom.
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