Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 3

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  Homeland Security
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

The Organization of State Bodies Responsible for Internal Security in Norway

100%
Sekściński A.
Internal Security
|
2011
|
vol. 3(1)
97-106
EN
The aim of the paper is to present internal security system in Norway based on hybrid agency and network model. As a point of departure the author describes general context of Norwegian political system – a unitary constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government and well-developed local self-government. Broad understanding of “internal security” notion implies a wide mutual support between the military and the civilians. Operating on vertical and horizontal levels of cooperation Norwegian homeland security is based on three main approaches to coordination: hierarchical, network, and agency, the latter two of which constitute the hybrid. Then theoretical aspects of coordination dilemmas are scrutinized with description of features characteristic for internal security in Norway. The main part of the article presents state bodies responsible for homeland security in Norway. The idea of “Vulnerability Commission” to create a separate Ministry of Homeland Security did not gain enough support and left two main bodies – Ministry of Justice and Police, and Ministry of Defence – in charge assisted by several agencies. These factors and agencies are described in accordance with coordination and specialization models presented before. Essential as it is, the paper touches implicit questions, such as: what factors influence the mixed model of internal security in Norway and how strongly is it entrenched.
2

Principal Threats to State Security - the Essence and Interdependence

100%
Wiśniewski B.
Internal Security
|
2011
|
vol. 3(1)
68-78
EN
As safe existence and development of the state may be at any time limited or violated, combating the factors destabilizing the national security can generally speaking be described as the defense implemented in all areas of the state functioning. As a consequence of this situation security of the State must be studied as a complex issue affecting political, military, economic, ecological and other spheres. Lack of threat is an important but not the only aspect of securing safety. An equally important factor is public awareness concerning possibilities of the state to secure it. Intuitive understanding of this term leads to the conclusion that it refers to the sphere of awareness of the entity, i.e. human, social group, nation or nations. Both the previous and present generations notice the presented regularity. In order to ensure the effectiveness of preparation in the state to confront threats all possible measures should be taken to ensure that it has been properly prepared in a given sphere. The basis of such preparations is a full identification of threats and determination of interdependencies between them. It also stems from the fact that providing security of the State – defined as a state of security, resulting from an effective protection and defense against the internal and external threats, measured as a proportion of defensive potential to the threat level – as well as stable and continuous advancement of the society have been and will be the primary goal of the authorities and public administration in all areas of their activity.
3

Accelerators and Detectors for Homeland Security

88%
Wrochna G., Syntfeld-Kazuch A., Moszynski M., Gierlik M., Wronka S.
Internal Security
|
2011
|
vol. 3(1)
9-28
EN
Having become a Party to several European and international treaties and conventions, Poland has paid increased attention to improving methods and techniques of prevention and detection of illicit hazardous materials. The article reviews new scintillation detectors of gamma and neutron radiation as well as presents a concept of dual-energy electron accelerator application in monitoring systems for homeland security. There are several requirements which the instrument should meet: it should be able to operate in a mixed gamma-neutron field as neutrons are a unique signature of the presence of fissile materials, be quite sensitive and highly selective to avoid a misinterpretation, and finally it should be efficient and inexpensive. Detection of hazardous materials (nuclear, explosives, drugs) can be realized by two methods – passive detection of gamma-rays and neutrons from radioactive and nuclear material, and active detection of explosives via neutron activation and/or X-ray radiography. In the paper a series of new scintillators (e.g. LaBr3(Ce), LuAG:Pr, boron-loaded BC523A and EJ309B5) in terms of their sensitivity and selectivity in gamma/neutron detection as well as material discrimination using dual-energy electron accelerator are discussed. Both techniques – X-rays and neutron activation analysis – can offer the possibility of automatic detection of explosives or drugs with the emphasis on an innovative approach to new built systems.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.