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Armed Forces and Politics in the Bolivarian Revolution

100%
Buttó L. A.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2013
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issue 2(24): Venezuelan Studies
163-177
EN
The set of changes which were introduced in Venezuelan society in February 1999 with the establishment of the Bolivarian Revolution found a privileged expression in the National Armed Forces members’ way of thinking, organization and action, to the point that it significantly impacted the civil‑military relations model Venezuela implemented during the liberal representative democratic system (1958‑1998). Currently, an emerging type of civil‑military relations has been established which is mainly marked, by military politicization and the military colonization of Venezuelan civil services. A critical interpretation of this process is the focus of this paper.
2
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The President is the Message: Populism and Personality Politics in Venezuelan Government Communications (2000-2010)

100%
Cañizález A.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2013
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issue 2(24): Venezuelan Studies
179-199
EN
This paper analyzes government communications in Venezuela under the administration of Hugo Chávez, whose focal point is the “Bolivarian Revolution”. The communications model is heavily characterized by populism and personality politics, as concluded when analyzing three significant moments for the democratic governability of Hugo Chávez’s administration: his ratification or re‑election in office in the years 2000, 2004 and 2006. The elaboration of public policy plans in presidential addresses was studied given the importance of communications within government strategies.
3
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WPŁYW POPULIZMU NA KSZTAŁTOWANIE SIĘ POLITYKI SPOŁECZNEJ W AMERYCE ŁACIŃSKIEJ: PRZYPADEK WENEZUELI

94%
Nowakowski N.
Ameryka Łacińska. Kwartalnik analityczno-informacyjny
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2015
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vol. 23
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issue 3-4(89-90)
33-52
PL
Populizm od dekad stanowi jeden z niemal stałych elementów latynoamerykańskiego krajobrazu politycznego. Przywódcy określani mianem populistycznych bardzo często w centrum swojej agendy politycznej stawiają kwestie społeczne, w tym walkę z ubóstwem. Stąd pojawia się pytanie, czy populizm może mieć wpływ na kształtowanie się określonej polityki społecznej, a jeżeli tak to jaki? Niniejszy artykuł analizuje relacje pomiędzy zjawiskiem populizmu a strategiami prowadzenia polityki społecznej w Ameryce Łacińskiej na przykładzie wenezuelskich programów społecznych, Misiones, implementowanych podczas rządów Hugo Chaveza
EN
Since decades populism has remained one of the almost unchangeable features of Latin American political landscape. Leaders, labelled as populist, very often establish social issues, including fight against poverty, in the centre of their political agenda. Hence, it appears a question whether populism can have an influence on shaping particular social policy, and if yes, what kind of the policy? This article analyses relations between the populism phenomenon and the strategies of conducting social policy in Latin America on the example of Venezuelan social programmes, Misiones, implemented during the Hugo Chávez’s rule.
4
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Political and Social Problems in Venezuela in the Second Decade of the 21st Century

94%
Łapaj-Kucharska J.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
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2020
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vol. 67
51-71
PL
Wenezuela, która jest państwem posiadającym największe udokumentowane złoża ropy naftowej na świecie, już od kilku lat pogrążona jest w kryzysie politycznym, gospodarczym i społecznym, a także zmaga się z recesją oraz z wielocyfrową inflacją. W drugiej połowie drugiej dekady XXI wieku sytuacja gospodarcza i polityczna tego kraju uległa pogorszeniu. Już ponad milion Wenezuelczyków wyemigrowało z kraju, w którym brakuje podstawowych produktów codziennego użytku, w tym żywności, lekarstw czy środków higienicznych. W odniesieniu do tego państwa mówi się obecnie nie tylko o kryzysie politycznym i gospodarczym, ale także humanitarnym. Problemy wewnętrzne Wenezueli mają także wpływ na bezpieczeństwo w całym regionie latynoamerykańskim. Międzynarodowe instytucje i organizacje regionalne starają się podejmować działania, które mają na celu zakończenie dyktatorskich rządów prezydenta Nicolása Maduro oraz przywrócenie w kraju demokracji i praworządności.
EN
Venezuela, which is the country with the largest documented oil reserves in the world, has been plunged into a political, economic and social crisis for several years, struggling with recession and multi-digit inflation. In the second half of the second decade of the 21st century, the country’s economic and political situation deteriorated. Over a million Venezuelans have already migrated from their country, where there is a lack of basic everyday products, including food, medicines and hygiene products. In relation to this state, part of a discussion is not only the political or economic crisis, but also the humanitarian one. Venezuela’s internal problems also affect security throughout the Latin American region. International institutions and regional organizations are trying to undertake activities aimed at ending the dictatorial rule of President Nicolás Maduro and restoring the country’s democracy and the rule of law.
5
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The Crossroads of Democracy in Venezuela: the Emergence of the Popular Power

84%
Hernández G. J. I.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2013
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issue 2(24): Venezuelan Studies
105-125
EN
The paper analyzes one of the main political instruments of the current regime of President Chávez in Venezuela: the Popular Power, as a new conception of democracy within socialist model. We studied the origins of such instrument and its current legal framework, in order to demonstrate how Popular Power constitutes a violation of constitutional concept of democracy, due to its lack of freedom and pluralism. The Popular Power is articulated in the Laws promulgated in 2010, as an organization that acts under the political control of the National Government, with the sole purpose of the consolidation of the socialism and the construction of a “new” State, the “Communal State”. According to the Laws of the Popular Power, socialism is not only the political doctrine of the Government’s party, but also the political doctrine of the State, that excludes any form of political participation different to the ones executed through the organizations of the Popular Power and for the promotion of socialism. In the end, the emergence of the Popular Power in Venezuela demonstrates the risk of the manipulation of the language of democracy for political purposes that are the antithesis of democracy.
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