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1

THE ROLE OF IMPULSIVITY AND STRESS ON PERFORMANCE

100%
Sandhu B. S., Rana M., Dogra B., Sharma A., Malhotra D.
Studia Psychologica
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2007
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vol. 49
|
issue 3
201-213
EN
The present investigation was undertaken to resolve the controversy regarding clouding of results on the dimension of extraversion and performance. Hence the impulsivity component of extraversion was separated from sociability to see its effect on performance in terms of letter cancellation task and Anagram task under instructionally induced stress in the two sexes. The general pattern in three factor interaction reveals that high impulses coupled with stress performed less efficiently than their counterparts in both the sexes.
2

PERSONAL IMPULSIVITY MEDIATES THE EFFECTS OF NEUROMODULATION IN ECONOMIC INTERTEMPORAL CHOICES: A PILOT STUDY

88%
Colombo B., Iannello P., Puglisi G., Antonietti A.
Studia Psychologica
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2020
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vol. 62
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issue 2
123 – 137
EN
The involvement of the prefrontal cortex in intertemporal choices has been long recognized. Using neurostimulation techniques, recent studies have indicated that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) influences performance on intertemporal choice tasks. The present pilot study is aimed to explore further the DLPFC’s role in intertemporal choices by assessing the influence of individual levels of impulsivity on modulating the stimulation’s effects. Thirteen subjects participated in a within-subjects experiment. During the three sessions, participants received 20 minutes of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS; either sham, anodal, or cathodal) and were administered the Intertemporal Choice Task. Then, they completed the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and the Dickman Impulsivity Inventory. Using a repeated-measure generalized linear model, we explored the effects of stimulation on intertemporal choice (either immediate or delayed reward) on impulsive responses, defined as quick answers. The individual level of impulsivity was included in the model as a covariate. According to the results, participants made a greater number of impulsive choices favouring immediate rewards after cathodal stimulation of the left DLPFC. Additionally, a moderating role of individual impulsivity emerged. This study provides support for the involvement of the left DLPFC in intertemporal choices. We contend that the role of individual differences should be further explored to obtain a better understanding of intertemporal choice behaviour.
3

TRAIT IMPULSIVITY AND OCULOMOTOR INHIBITION

88%
Taylor A. J. G.
Studia Psychologica
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2016
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vol. 58
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issue 2
134 – 144
EN
Trait impulsivity is multi-dimensional in nature. Researchers are beginning to explore how these dimensions of impulsivity relate to inhibitory control. When using behavioural tasks, some studies have found inhibitory control deficits in people with high levels of impulsivity. Comparatively, little is known about the relationship between oculomotor inhibition and trait impulsivity in healthy participants. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between trait impulsivity and oculomotor inhibition. Using a sample of 80 participants, impulsivity was measured via two self-report questionnaires; oculomotor inhibition was measured with anti-saccades. In general there was no relationship between impulsivity and anti-saccade errors. Those with low scores on the BIS attentional scale made more anti-saccade errors than those with high scores. Neither anti-saccade nor pro-saccade latencies correlated with impulsivity. These findings suggest oculomotor inhibition is not impaired in individuals with trait impulsivity.
4

THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN DECISION-MAKING

75%
Perez N. M. A., Fernandez-Abascal E. G., Miguel-Tobal J. J.
Studia Psychologica
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2009
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vol. 51
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issue 4
305-318
EN
This article reviews many results of recent investigations in areas related to decision-making. The classic conception of a rational human being is yielding to new, more complex and integrated formulations in which emotional and affective aspects occupy a prominent position. Decision-making is tackled from different points of view, among which the neurological one plays a major role, and the evidence obtained in studies on positive affect, impulsivity and several emotions such as anger and sadness is reviewed. On the whole, the results show that any explanation of the way a human being makes decisions must necessarily consider emotional and affective states, so as not to make the mistake of using limited and biased explicative models.
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