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EN
On the threshold of the third and fourth industrial revolutions that is gradually taking place in the world lack of technical development of enterprises in Ukraine is complicated by deep economic and political crisis. This actualizes the question of finding innovative ways of economic development that can lead the country out of crisis and ensure faster economic growth. In the article the retrospective analysis of the economic reforms undertaken in various countries in acute crisis was done. It allowed formulating the basic preconditions for the development of innovative activities of industrial enterprises in Ukraine. Implementation of economic breakthrough directions of development of Ukraine based on venture financing was proposed. The general and specific characteristics of venture activities of business entities and types of entrepreneurship within which venture activities may be realized were defined. The analysis of the most innovative companies in the world and the companies that invest most in R & D has allowed to define the basic principles of effective innovation activities in the modern world.
EN
For the purposes of this paper, the author defines technology as a society‘s constantly developing activity focusing on manufacturing processes and related conditions. As such, technology has always closely followed the society‘s development in general and the broadening of its scientific horizons in particular and it has always been inexorably tied to philosophy. The documentation of technology in a museum environment must be viewed as a part of the scientific effort which must be very well documented. Museums of technology emerged gradually as the society‘s interest in technology in general deepened in the Age of Discovery and the subsequent Industrial Evolution. In the historic lands of the Czech crown, the emergence of museums in general and technology museums is tied to the nationalist revival and the related expansion of education to a wider share of the population which is reflected in their nature and scope. The period of 1989 then sees a wider proliferation of technology museums to such extent that while a basic typology of such museums can be established, there are institutions of this type which are very difficult to classify and label.
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