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Nedobrovolná bezdětnost jako sociologické téma

100%
Slepickova L.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2006
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vol. 42
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issue 5
937-951
EN
While fertility rates in Western countries are low and the number of people who will remain voluntarily childless is increasing, more and more couples are seeking medical treatment for infertility. Fertility problems transcend the boundaries of medicine and challenge the traditional positivistic understanding of health and illness and the authority of scientific and objective medicine. The circumstances for coping with infertility are not universal and depend instead on the given society and on cultural values. Studying infertility means studying every important institution of our society: the institutions of marriage and the family, the institution of parenthood, medicine, and so on. While American and other Western social scientists have studied social aspects of infertility for many years, in the Czech Republic the topic remains the domain of medicine. This article focuses on basic concepts employed in the study of infertility and involuntary childlessness in sociology. It presents and summarises relevant concepts such as stigmatisation, social exclusion, identity problems, and gender differences in the response to infertility. It presents the debate over explaining the terms of infertility and (involuntary and voluntary) childlessness. It shows how the position of involuntary childlessness has been changing as the problem has increasingly come to be dealt with in medical terms and as high-tech medical treatments for infertility have been developed. Finally, the article opens up the topic for debate and raises the question of potential methods of research.
2
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Asistovaná reprodukce a pohled katolické církve

88%
Šrajer J.
Studia theologica
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2010
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vol. 12
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issue 2
75-85
EN
The paper deals with the problem of assisted reproduction. It reflects the attitude of the teaching authority of the Catholic Church in relationship to this issue and deals also with the ethical questionsof the problem. It clarifies the general character of the teaching authority of the Catholic Church to this moral question with regards to its correct understanding. The paper alerts to the danger of one-sided understanding of this matter and also to the danger of commercialization of this fast developing branch of health service that evades the ethical questions connected with the issue.
3
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FERTILITY POSTPONEMENT BETWEEN SOCIAL CONTEXT AND BIOLOGICAL REALITY: THE CASE OF SERBIA

88%
Vasić P.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2021
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vol. 53
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issue 3
309 – 336
EN
This paper reflects some views on the biological background of fertility tempo and its demographic consequences. Assumptions are tested on Serbian fertility data, based on deductive conclusions and by applying the demographic method. Due to decreasing odds for conception as well as for a live birth pregnancy outcome with a woman’s age, the changing of the age-pattern of fertility in Serbia has led to fewer births, and has revealed the negative influence of a dispersion of births outside of an optimal reproductive age on fertility rates. This article summarizes findings about social context of fertility postponement and age-related infertility in women and clarifies the biologically driven demographic consequences of childbirth postponement on the total number of births and total fertility rate.
4
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Neplodnost jeho a neplodnost její: Genderové aspekty asistované reprodukce

88%
Slepickova L.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2009
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vol. 45
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issue 1
177-204
EN
This article is based on a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with women and men suffering from fertility problems. It analyses the negotiations between partners confronted with the diagnosis of infertility and seeking the best solution. The analysis examined how men and women define their roles in the treatment of infertility, how they perceive their partners' coping and involvement, and conflicting and controversial topics and situations. Data suggest that the burden of infertility is unequal. While treatment involves a woman fully in the physical and the psychological sense, the involvement of the man and potential father in the treatment process is reduced to his provision of genetic material on demand. The research revealed two factors that influence and separate the experiences of men and women: the different time/age frame of the reproductive experience and the physical aspect of infertility and reproduction. Both factors are anchored in the praxis of assisted reproduction. The treatment process is administered in a way that, instead of reshaping or challenging traditional definitions of parenthood or gender roles, confirms the status quo.
5
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Sociální kontext postojů k řešení neplodnosti

75%
Slepickova L., Fucik P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2009
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vol. 45
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issue 2
267-291
EN
Infertility is a problem that affects around 15% of Czech couples of reproductive age. Using data from the survey 'Marriage, Work, Family' the objective of this analysis is to identify the attitudes that Czech men and women maintain towards various strategies for overcoming infertility (adoption, different forms of assisted reproduction) and the factors that influence and shape these attitudes. The first part of the analysis looks for the determinants behind attitudes towards adoption and assisted reproduction in the respondent's external characteristics. For example, education and religion were found to have a significant influence. More educated respondents are more open to methods of assisted reproduction; religious respondents are more open to adoption. In terms of inner determinants (the respondent's attitude patterns) the authors, building on the preference theory proposed by Catherine Hakim, found a preference effect among women. The findings are seemingly paradoxical: of three groups of women (work-centred, home-centred, and adaptive) it is work-centred women (and the partners of work-centred women) who are most likely to take various infertility strategies into consideration. The third part of the analysis - an analysis of the external determinants of attitudes towards infertility strategies - revealed that in some cases attitudes are influenced by the characteristics of the partner more than by the respondent's own characteristics - in particular, the woman's attitudes are shaped more by the characteristics of her partner than by her own characteristics.
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