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SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF INFORMATICS AS A SUBJECT FIELD (Naukovo-metodolohichni zasady informatyky yak predmetnoyi haluzi)

100%
Zhabin S. O.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2010
|
issue 4
87-100
EN
An extensive review on the development of subject and methodology of informatics is contained, with reference to its earliest origins found in theses and ideas of ancient (Aristotle) and medieval thinkers, works of G. Leibniz, mechanic calculating machines (arithmometers), earliest electronic computing machines; the two paradigms, technocratic and scientific, by which informatics is defined as an engineering discipline or natural (empiric) scientific discipline; national (Ukrainian) and international definitions of informatics and the associated terminology, like computer science or scientific information; treatment of informatics as an applied discipline and an economic sector (industry). But to have the subject of informatics clearly outlined, informatics should be compared with the related fields, such as cybernetics, which underwent the periods of rise, ideological attacks and renaissance in the USSR. By analyzing the abundant retrospective information, the conclusion is made that the subject of informatics covers the scientific notion of 'information' and methods of its presentation, processing and applications in form of knowledge. The notion of 'object of informatics' is a broader one that covers information processes and systems, information models, computing methods for information processing and computer software, results of processing, analysis and evaluation of information. Also, tasks and methodological grounds of informatics as a scientific field are outlined.
2

PREFACE: THE VARIETY OF RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES IN THE STUDY OF ARGUMENTATION

72%
Koszowy M.
Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric
|
2009
|
issue 16(29)
7-14
EN
I characterize informal logic and argumentation theory as disciplines consisting of a great variety of research ideas, approaches, conceptual frameworks, and methods which allow to inquire into the complicated phenomenon of argumentation. Yet, the argumentative discourse constitutes a key subject of inquiry for disciplines which deal with various forms of language and reasoning. Among those disciplines there are: formal logic, semiotics, methodology of science and informatics. The articles included in this volume support the thesis that various approaches in the study of argumentation, despite of differences in methods of inquiry, try to realize a common research goal: elaborating tools, in particular (1) language and (2) methods, for analyzing and evaluating common-sense reasoning performed in an argumentative discourse. After discussing the content of the present volume I make some remarks on popularizing informal logic and argumentation theory in Poland.
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