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Wpływ inicjatyw klastrowych na wdrażanie innowacji

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The purpose of this article is to show the effect of cluster initiatives on implementation of innovations (especially local and regional). Systems of cooperation cause transfer of knowledge and information between enterprises which positively influence on implementation of innovations. To measure the level of innovation was used taxonomic gauge of development which allow to segregate polish subregions from the most innovative advanced to least one. Cluster analysis allow to determine which subregions are the most similar to each other sorting them into groups. Noted, that in most regions, which characterized high gauge of development, there are cluster. On this basis there is possibility to conclude that cluster initiatives influence on implementation on local innovation, contribute to improving the competitiveness and they are great solution in many areas of economic life.
EN
Innovative activity as the important factor of the country economic development has been considered. The essence and importance of innovations have been considered, and the problems of innovation activity examined. The basic conditions having impact on improvement of innovative processes have been determined. The importance of financing the innovation activity in agro-industrial complex has been grounded. Basic conditions which are instrumental in the improvement of innovative development of the region have been determined.
EN
Basic problems emerging in the domestic machine-building enterprises of the region in the process of innovative activity have been singled out. Classification of innovative activity in the machine-building enterprises has been specified. Peculiarities of innovative projects of enterprises of the region have been singled out.
EN
In the article describes of innovations is investigational, going is distinguished near their determination and classification, and also direct dependence is reasonable between innovations and competitiveness.
EN
Everybody knows that the public health care system in Poland is in deep crisis. It requires deep structural reform but first of all change of principles of the health care financing. Citizens are used to pay for the health care services, and that this cost more in each year. It is worrying that majority of Poles realize in case of serious illness the cost of health care. In such a case, very often, cost are so big that people are unable to cover them from their running monthly budget. Only small part of society is aware of possibility to avoid necessity of spending more money than thay have in a short of time. Health care insurances are one of the tools which allow us to benefit from private health care and avoid high costs in case of serious illness. Predictions shows that in a few years commercial health care insurance will be more popular because of higher insurance awareness and deeper public health care system in Poland.
EN
The aim of the article is to determine how innovative the economies of the European Union countries are and to identify arguments for the role of innovation in overcoming the economic crisis in the member states. The methodology applied to achieve the defined goal includes a description of the presented problem and an analysis of the detailed phenomena. The performed disquisition resulted in the following conclusions. The issue of innovation acquires special significance for the development of the European Union at the time of the economic crisis. Favorable conditions for activities to increase the role of innovation in the economy at the time of a crisis are changes in the corporate strategies in the field of innovative activity, changes of the innovation character and decisions of the long-term investors. The results of the analysis let the authoress make a conclusion that the development of innovation may constitute an effective method of getting out of the economic crisis for the European Union countries, provided that their public sector creates mechanisms to support innovative activity, especially in small and medium sized companies.
EN
Basic problems of innovation process realization at industrial enterprises of Ukraine have been determined and analyzed in the article. Approach to innovation process management including regulation of its cost structure has been proposed as a way of state innovation politics. Intensification of scientific-technical development is offered as way to solving the problem of disproportion of innovative processes in Ukraine.
EN
The features of evaluation of investment attractiveness of the regions as a factor of stimulation of innovative activity have been elucidated. Factors which areto be taken into account by investors during realization of such estimation have been presented. Changes in the field of investment policy, which will result in growth of volumes of investments in regional economy have been offered.
EN
Jerzy world-famous Grotowski theatre director the anthropologist of the culture and the teacher as the author of the idea of the entire-practical education. In his life and the artistic work Jerzy Grotowski repeatedly brought up pedagogic topics. In years -70 of the 20th century, carried out the cycle of workshops addressed to adults being aimed for them experiencing not popular situations other than in the everyday life. He realized workshops of the Active Culture. He initiated the development of the animation of the culture and an amateur artistic movement of adults. His life and work was following the example of a demanding teacher. He regarded entire lives of the man as the process of the incessant development and self-improvements. His work constitutes inspiration for the adult education and a prehistory of cultural animation.
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