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1

CONTROL DEPRIVATION AND PREJUDICED INTEGROUP ATTITUDES

100%
Kofta M., Narkiewicz-Jodko W.
Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)
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2004
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vol. 12
107-124
EN
In this paper we address the problem how control deprivation affects stereotyping and prejudice - two major dimensions of intergroup relations. Our research suggests that experience of control loss may interfere with the use of stereotypes as cues in information encoding in memory, information search, and attention allocation. However, this research also reveals that both a generalized expectation of no control (in a survey study) and induced experimentally control-loss experience, may foster negative intergroup reactions. We found that, following control deprivation, negative traits of out-groupers were seen as more typical and positive traits as less typical; also, memory data showed that this experience increased the tendency to 'guess' negative traits and better memorize them among prejudiced subjects (suggesting heightened accessibility of negative attitudes). Thus, paradoxically, as implied by our findings, control deprivation may at the same time inhibit stereotyping and promote negative intergroup perceptions and judgment.
2

Political Negotiations: Actions of Individuals versus Structural Relations

51%
Rancew-Sikora D.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2005
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issue 1(176)
67-92
EN
The article aims at exploring the significance of political negotiations for regulating group relations. The authoress wonders to what extent sociology can be useful for the understanding of what is actually occurring during negotiations. She attempts to present a multi-level analysis, taking into account both interactive characteristics as well as the influence of structural factors on negotiation processes. It is organized along the subsequent lines: initially elementary situations were discussed, in which only individuals participate. Next, the authoress presents negotiations of individuals in social networks, negotiations of group representatives, intergroup relations, and finally, the place of negotiation processes in democratic systems. The complex nature of a negotiation situation is noted by the participants, and it causes some decision-making dilemmas which, in turn, shape the situation in question. The analytical approach to this problem can assist in explaining the behavior of actors and the end results of the negotiation process.
3

Pomiar zjawiska infrahumanizacji „obcych” poprzez atrybucje slow typowo ludzkich i typowo zwierzęcych

44%
Baran T.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 3(18)
202-213
EN
This paper reports studies on adaptation of a measure of an out-group infrahumanization effect introduced by Viki (Viki et al., 2006), which is based on differential attribution of typically human and typically animal related words. In the first experiment Polish research participant attributed significantly less human-related words and significantly more animal-related words to residents of Asia and Africa than to Europeans. In the second experiment Poles attributed less human-related words and more animal-related words to Gypsies and animals than to the other Poles. The outcomes confirm an infrahumanization hypothesis formulated by Leyens (Leyens et al., 2000; Leyens, 2009). Moreover the results of the second experiment indicate that there is no correlation between the out-group infrahumanization and in-group bias effects.
4

Perspektywa sprawcy i biorcy: poza dychotomia

38%
Kofta M.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2006
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vol. 1
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issue 1(1)
39-42
EN
Until recently, research on action control and on the content of social information processing formed quite distant, separate domains of psychological inquiry. The work of Wojciszke and Baryla provides a highly promising attempt of bridging these two fields of investigation. In particular, they hypothesize (and present compelling evidence in support of the idea) that being in a position of the agent of a goal-directed activity strongly promotes access to ability categories, whereas being in a position of a recipient of another person's intended action strongly promotes access to communal (e.g. interpersonal) categories. In my comment I address three questions. First, I propose to "go beyond the dichotomy" to consider the importance of the position of a neutral (uninvolved) observer. In contrast to agent and recipient, the neutral observer may be able to engage in more complex and less biased processing of social information. Second, I suggest that not only position in an interaction, but also the content of the goal matters: It seems reasonable to assume that an agent with a pro-social goal will have at least partial access to communal categories. Finally, I suggest that the communal perspective - considered by the Authors as a unified entity - may actually be comprised of two distinct qualities: interpersonal content and intergroup content. So far, the research of Wojciszke and Baryla has been focused on the interpersonal, not intergroup perspective.
5
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„WYMUSZONA MOBILNOŚĆ – WYMUSZONA OSIADŁOŚĆ”. O POWOJENNYCH PRZESIEDLENIACH I ICH OBECNYCH SKUTKACH DLA LOKALNYCH SPOŁECZNOŚCI

26%
Sołdra-Gwiżdż T.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2016
|
vol. 42
|
issue 4 (162)
123–136
PL
We współczesnym dyskursie publicznym dotyczącym II wojny światowej rzadko wspomina się o masowych powojennych ruchach ludności w Europie, o przesiedleniach Polaków z Kresów Wschodnich II Rzeczypospolitej, wysiedleniach Niemców i przesiedleniach ludności ukraińskiej. Procesy „wymuszonej mobilności, jak i wymuszonej osiadłości”, stanowiące codzienność tamtych lat zaowocowały upadkiem wielu lokalnych mikroświatów, powstaniem nowych ojczyzn, nowych społeczności i nowych tożsamości. Konfrontacja odmiennych kulturowo światów „gospodarzy” i „gości”, międzygrupowe konflikty, aspiracje do „lepszego życia”, stały się między innymi źródłem „nowych mobilności”, które nadal trwają. Artykuł będzie zatem próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie o społeczne skutki tych zdarzeń dla lokalnych społeczności i indywidualnych form tożsamości jednostek, a w szczególności wskaże na nadal kształtujące się wzory międzygrupowych relacji w zróżnicowanych etnicznie społecznościach.
EN
Major, post-war transfers of populations in Europe, the displacements of Poles from the former Eastern Lands of the Republic of Poland, the expulsions of Germans and the resettlements of Ukrainians are rarely mentioned in the contemporary public discourse on the World War II. The processes of “enforced mobility” as well as of “enforced settlements”, that constituted everyday life for the people back then resulted in the fall of many local microworlds, the formation of new homelands, new communities and new identities. The confrontation of culturally different worlds of “hosts” and “guests”, intergroup conflicts and aspirations for a better life, among others, became a source of “the new mobilities”, that still last. This article attempts to answer a question about the social consequences of these events for local communities and individuals’ identities, and in particular indicates still forming patterns of intergroup relations in ethnically diverse communities.
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