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1

Strengthening Professional Competence of Latvian, Lithuanian and Polish Police Officers: Scope of the International Training Project

100%
Navickienė Ž., Sviklaitė A.
Internal Security
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2012
|
vol. 4(2)
223-236
EN
Entry into the European Union (EU) and the Schengen Area have not only opened new possibilities, but also resulted in new obligations for the new Member States in the area of ensuring public safety. Abolition of internal border controls within the EU has increased the responsibility and workload of the police forces. It has become of great importance for police officers, especially for those working in the border territories, to have a good knowledge of not only national, but also EU and international legislation and that of the neighbouring Member States. The implementation of the Schengen acquis communautaire provisions – is one of the most important tasks for the law enforcement institutions in implementing the EU Internal security policy. Seeking to ensure proper and comprehensive application of the Schengen requirements within the police field of activity, it is necessary to provide police officers with knowledge on the available tools designed for enhanced international cooperation. Moreover special attention is to be paid to joint actions in the internal border regions: joint patrolling, control of migration flows, cross-border surveillance and hot-pursuit. The article presents new opportunities of strengthening police professional competences through training under the framework of an international project. The analysis of the content of the international training organized has allowed identification of the main problems in the field of international police cooperation. The training events have highlighted the main problems in the field of international police cooperation, as well as the relevance and necessity of this kind of police training. It has also allowed proposals for the new and future trends in the sphere of training.
2

Ukraine in the International System to Combat Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing

100%
Butkevich S.
Internal Security
|
2011
|
vol. 3(1)
171-181
EN
The article discusses the problematic issues of creating an effective system of prevention and counteraction to the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and terrorist financing in Ukraine. It also analyzes the basic concepts and categories that are used in the current legislation, describes the preconditions creation and development of anti-money laundering system of Ukraine, and defines certain prospects of its further improvement.A study of a system of financial monitoring, which includes the subjects of state and initial financial monitoring is presented, as well as a policy of mandatory and internal financial monitoring. Financial monitoring is defined as a particular form of financial control that is conducted by authorized bodies and aims to identify the transactions related to legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and terrorist financing. Specific tasks and functions of the State Committee for Financial Monitoring of Ukraine are highlighted as it is the central executive body with special status for financial monitoring, which plays a coordinating role in anti-money laundering activities.Main attention is paid to proposals on improving the efficiency of cooperation between the financial intelligence unit and law enforcement and other government agencies in the area of ​​prevention and counteraction to the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and terrorist financing. In particular, the article analyzes the procedure informational cooperation, work on synthesis and grounds to involve officials of the controlling bodies to work in investigative and operational teams.
3

Joint Investigation Teams in the European Union

100%
Klimek L.
Internal Security
|
2012
|
vol. 4(1)
63-78
EN
The paper deals with the joint investigation teams in the EU that are considered as a necessary tool to enhance the internal security of the EU. They are the desired instruments for international cooperation of judicial and law enforcement authorities in the fight against organized cross-border crimes as well as a useful tool in facilitating mutual assistance in criminal matters between the Member States of the EU. Joint investigation teams have demonstrated their usefulness in investigating the most serious forms of criminality such as terrorism or drug trafficking. The paper firstly focuses on the development of joint investigation teams and their legal basis at the level of the EU, namely the Convention on mutual assistance in criminal matters between the Member States of the EU and the Framework Decision on joint investigation teams. Further, it introduces the establishment of joint investigation teams. JITs are established on the basis of a written mutual agreement between two or more Member States of the EU. Special attention is focused on national experts of joint investigation teams and the participation of Europol and Eurojust in joint investigation teams. Both Europol and Eurojust were established to support Member States of the EU in the fight against serious organized cross-border crime. Both of them can participate in JITs separately as well as jointly. Moreover, it discusses their implementation in the European Union legal system, as well as common problems.
4

Present Considerations About Romania´s National Security

100%
Vlad M., Mazilu M.
Internal Security
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2011
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vol. 3(1)
91-96
EN
The matters of the Balkan national security are attracting more and more scientific attention. Complexity of the region inevitably leads to cultural tensions and complications, especially after all the changes of the last decades. Several significant changes of the Romanian borders were connected and therefore are still associated with fear and insecurity. Impoverished souls were ready to die for their Motherland although the nation got accustomed with its marginal situation and lost the sense of historical destiny. Seeing no real friends but the Black Sea Romania still perceives vincinity of Russia as its major threat. NATO membership significantly improved the feeling of security among certain part of Romanian population simultaneously introducing evident paradoxes. Deep understanding of the region’s complex nature lead to a cautious diplomatic position on participation in the conflict in Kosovo as encouragement given to ethnic demands of segregation leads to a situation when a minority acts like an oppressive majority, once it achieves the position of power. On the other hand, organized criminal groups and juvenile antisocial behaviour together with weak system of justice became one of the main reasons France and Germany declared themselves against Romania´s membership in the Schengen system. The authors hope that the Romanian authorities will react to it as efficiently as they did at the international level.
5

The External Dimension of EU Intelligence Cooperation: in Search of Euro-Atlantic Synergies

100%
Gruszczak A., Rakowski P.
Internal Security
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2012
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vol. 4(2)
7-32
EN
The article deals with the issue of the European Union’s external cooperation as regards information and intelligence exchange. The specific emphasis is placed on the possibility to emerge hypothetic “Euro-Atlantic” synergies in this area. The paper is based strongly on the consequences of the global war on terror, although it is not limited to this aspect only. In the Article the authors with the great degree explain and analyse such issues like chosen legal and procedural aspects of Euro-Atlantic cooperation in relation to information exchange, from the perspective of its legal basis (both EU treaties and implementing laws) and the political one. It is of a particular importance, because currently the difficulties in describing the scope of the cooperation still exist. The cooperation between the EU and the US is also influenced by the historical developments, especially due to the fact that the anti-terrorism cooperation is still relatively new aspect of European integration processes as a whole. Therefore, the Authors describe also main instances of cooperation which were undertaken by the US and Member States authorities outside the scope of European integration. In particular, such initiatives as Alliance Base and G-6 cooperation were discussed. The paper also presents so-called EU perspective which embraces the most important and newest laws and instruments regulating the information and intelligence exchange, and which are either adopted already or still being discussed within EU decision-making processes. In this respect, such topics as cooperation to exchange data covered by the Passenger Name Records (PNR) and preventing the financing of terrorism activities (like TFTP/Swift model) were presented. In the conclusion, the Authors state that the EU and the US are mutually and indispensably connected, and the “exchange of cooperation instruments” – disregard sometimes serious formal and procedural differences – is the stable, permanent and usually not disrupted process.
6

The Council of Europe Convention Medicrime and Its Role in the Fight Against International Crime

100%
Fayzrakhmanov N.
Internal Security
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2012
|
vol. 4(1)
55-62
EN
The falsification of medical products is due to the global corruption of the pharmaceutical industry and is a serious international problem. This crime is latent and transnational in nature, the majority of counterfeit and substandard medicines are not detected and reach the final consumer. Special danger is represented by sales of counterfeit medical products via the Internet, allowing offenders to operate anonymously. Large incomes derived from counterfeiting of medical products, serve as a source for terrorist activities and other crimes in the international scale. One serious measure to counter this crime was the adoption of the Council of Europe Convention on the counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes involving threats to public health. The Medicrime Convention is the first binding international treaty in the criminal law field on counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes involving threats to public health. The overarching aims of the aforesaid convention are to safeguard public health through criminal law measures, protect victims, promote cooperation on the national and international levels, and take preventive measures. The convention proposes an innovative concept by requiring parties to set up points of contact (Single Points of Contact (SPOC’s) within the health authorities, police and customs to exchange information and provide assistance for the operational management of cases at national level. This article describes the objectives of the Medicrime Convention, presents a summary of its rules, considers the role of the Convention in the fight against international crime. The author reveals the current trends and prospects of international cooperation in the fight against counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes.
7
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Jaroslav Pánek a Comenius Academic Club

100%
Raška K. J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2017
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vol. 115
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issue 1
79-83
EN
Jaroslav Pánek plays a major role in planing the programme of conferences for the Comenius Academic Club and he, thus, contributes to the ever expanding co-operation and friendship between Czech scholars and their colleagues abroad. Jaroslav Pánek has proposed the establishment of the inter-disciplinary journal Comenius - The Journal of Euro-American Civilisation, which has strict "peer review" policy. In Addition to original research articles, it also publishes very valuable reviews of the latest publications in the specialist field.
8

The Integrated Fight Against Organised Crime in the Baltic Sea Region (BALTCOM) - Genesis, the Main Fields of Activity and Prospects for Development

88%
Safjański T.
Internal Security
|
2016
|
vol. 8(1)
7-18
EN
Since the establishment of the Task Force many operations involving countries in the region have been performed. A multidisciplinary approach was introduced in terms of the operations in order to better utilise financial and personnel resources as well as to improve results of operations. Usually operations have provided useful information (for example on modus operandi). A few of the operations have been conducted specifically with the objective of gathering information – operation General Aviation is one example of this. Operation Early Bird, a bilateral operation between Poland and Germany, was a direct result of the information from operation General Aviation. The Task Force has the potential of making the operations unpredictable to the criminals as far as time, location and geographical area are concerned. However over the years it has not become clear if the Task-Force cooperation is valuable and efficient. In the beginning the mere fact of being able to carry out joint operations in the region, i.e. all countries doing the same thing at the same time, was a very good and important result in itself. The expectations and demands adressed to the co-operation have increased, and now external evaluations is needed. The presented issue is extremely complex due to the specific nature of the activities carried out on BALTCOM platform and its unique position in the international system of cooperation. Article draws the attention to possible benefits from such forms of international cooperation in combating crime.
9

Cooperation of Police Forces, Border Police and Custom Services in Combating Crime Against Cultural Heritage

88%
Plywaczewski W.
Internal Security
|
2011
|
vol. 3(1)
183-197
EN
The article studies the issue of cooperation of the police, border and customs services in the sphere of protection of cultural heritage. The first part of the article presents most important Polish institutions like the National Group Countering Crime Against Heritage dealing with all types of crime against cultural heritage (cultural goods, historical sites). Using examples of such institutions as Interpol, Europol or Eurojust and organizations cooperating with them ICOM, UNESCO, WCO, UNIDROIT, Art. Loss Register – ALR, Ebay in the second part the author presents those instruments of international cooperation of investigative authorities that can be effectively used in fighting crime aimed at national and international cultural heritage including a special CD ‘Stolen Works of Art’ addressed mostly to people and institutions connected with the trade in art works and a computer database of information on stolen works of art with their description and their photographs. The author believes that one of the most crucial factors in this fight is the existence of special police units dealing only with crimes against cultural goods. Some of these units, as model examples of such units, were discussed in detail. The article is concluded with an evaluation of present model of countering crime against cultural heritage and with remarks on how it can be improved.
10

Development Prospects of International Criminal Police Organization Interpol

88%
Safjański T.
Internal Security
|
2015
|
vol. 7(2)
267-278
EN
The article presents considerations related to future directions of Interpol’s development, that is one of the criticalinstitutions of the global security system. Development directions are determined before all by Member States’ assessmentof effectiveness and legality of Interpol’s operational activities. However, in comparison to the practical cooperationof police forces vast improvement is required in relations to legal sphere of Interpol. There is no doubt that the effectivenessof the Interpol. The organisation operating in transnational dimension has to possess a proper legal status. Interpol,in the opinion of some experts in the field of international law, does not have the optimal legal solutions and the appropriateratio for the national law of the Member States. The weakest point of Interpol is outdated and ineffective legal basis foraction. For this reason, the sine qua non conditio for the further development of Interpol is to provide the organisation withspecific legal position, which would be proper to the uniqueness of tasks that are being carried out (including the adoptionof appropriate solutions for the privileges and immunity of Interpol and its staff in a uniform manner in all the MemberStates). There is also a need to harmonize internal normative acts of the organization — including the Constitution of Interpoland the General Regulations, the interpretation of which causes a lot of confusion regarding the legal status and the natureof membership in Interpol.
11
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Współpraca służb ratowniczych państw regionu Arktyki po II wojnie światowej - wybrane zagadnienia

75%
Lizut M.
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego
|
2014
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vol. 8
|
issue 1
142-153
EN
The article describes selected rescue operations that took place in the Arctic during the Cold War and afterwards. The author focuses on the international aspect of search and rescue actions and analyses the evolution of the forms and procedures of cooperation between services and the obstacles which emergency cooperation faces in this part of the world. The author also attempts to determine the perspectives of Arctic rescue operations at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
PL
Artykuł opisuje wybrane operacje ratownicze, do jakich doszło w rejonach arktycznych w okresie zimnej wojny i po jej zakończeniu. Autorka skupia się na międzynarodowym aspekcie akcji poszukiwawczo-ratunkowych. Analizuje ewolucję form i procedur współdziałania rozmaitych podmiotów oraz przeszkody, na jakie napotyka współpraca służb ratowniczych w newralgicznym regionie świata. Podejmuje również próbę określenia perspektyw rysujacych się przed ratownictwem arktycznym na początku XXI wieku.
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