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EN
In this article authors attempt to identify factors relevant to the creation and implementation of Corporate Governance (CG) on the ground of multinational corporations in specific environments of emerging markets. For this purpose, the identification of four models of CG was made in relation to the basic model of strategic international companies. In the next step, referring to the transformation (and "de-institutionalization") authors indicated the model that gives the best frames for executing supervisory functions.
EN
Since the 1990s a dynamic stream of research in the field of born global companies (in short: BG) could be observed. Initially the main subject of this research were the establishing premises and foreign market strategies of BG, whereas at present the focus has shifted to the later stages of the born globals' development. The aim of this paper is the review of methods adopted in the international research on born globals as well as presenting the methodology used by the authors in the research of Polish BG. In international research the case study method, including the use of in-depth interviews, is widely used by many authors. This approach is sometimes joined with the application of quantitative methods. In the presented study the primary data has been obtained through individual interviews. Transcripts of the interviews have undergone a procedure of content analysis, within which a system of categories has been developed, allowing the assessment of the meaning and relationships between the particular concepts.
EN
Measuring the degree of internalisation of a firm is important for many reasons. Internationalisation of a firm is perceived as being related with many aspects of its performance i.e. innovativeness, competitiveness or efficiency. The most popular complex internationalisation indexes are usually applied to assess the degree of internationalization of the most internationalised, large transnational corporations. There is a little use of these indexes in measuring the degree of internationalization of firms in their early stages of internationalisation, such as the Polish firms are. The aim of the paper it to review the contemporary theoretical approaches to internationalisation of firms and derive some methodological assumptions concerning its measurement. It should help in creating more complex internationalisation indexes which could be used in measuring the degree of internationalisation of such firms.
EN
The internationalization of Polish companies via equity entry modes is still a phenomenon limited in scope, especially when compared to that occurring in developed countries, however showing a clear upward trend. Within this research framework the following paper presents the results of a qualitative study devoted to the geographical patterns of foreign expansion of Polish companies. The theoretical analysis, based on the eclectic (OLI) paradigm of international production, the internationalization process model and the Strategy Tripod, is focused simultaneously on the determinants of location choice related to host country and firm characteristics. Case study results indicate that host country choice is related to the investment motives. Moreover, the role of location choice criteria depends on the host country level of development.
EN
Recent literature emphasizes the role of foreign subsidiaries (FS) as contributors to competitive advantage of the entire multinational enterprise (MNE) network. This contribution affects the positioning of focal subsidiary in the MNE structure - its power in relationships with corporate headquarters and other business units. The paper - conceptual in character, based on recent literature - aims at analysis of scope and contents of subsidiaries' relationships with local partners, and its possible influence on FS systemic power (i.e. power derived from subsidiary specialization within value chain), its resource-dependency power, institutional, and bargaining power (related to subsidiary management initiatives). The outcomes of the paper will be used in a study of positioning of foreign-owned subsidiaries located in Poland.
EN
The article of this paper is to present a conceptualization of potential negative effects resulting from companies embeddedness in both local and international networks of relations. The article applies the concept of embeddedness and the network approach to the analysis of companies local and international activities. The article's main contribution is the analyses of companies from the perspective of the level of embeddedness of their activities both in local and global business networks, regardless if they are active or not on international markets. Those dependencies are accompanied by both positive and negative effects. The negative effects related to two types of entities (suppliers and competitors) are analyzed.
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