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PL
It is not by means of the theological system or theory that we come to know Israel's identity. It is expressed rather in and through stories. They tell us not so much about its past as about the events which have made the people of Israel a covenantal community. The Joseph narrative in Genesis 37 - 50 has a special significance in this context because it presents a family as a foundation and prototype of the community Israel has become at the foot of Mount Sinai. A narrative analysis of Gen 37 - 50 has demostrated that in a process of building up a community a set of rules operates: an ability to acknowledge one's wrongdoings against others, a concern for the weak and vulnerable, a willingness to stand surety for another, and finely a readiness to allow experiences and sufferings of others to get entangled in one's own history of life.
EN
The author of the article presented the most important points of Origen’s teaching on Saint Joseph. It is to be noticed that there is no josephology in the contemporary sense of this term. As matter of fact, Origen was not interested in Joseph’s person; he spoke about him while speaking about Christ and Mary, and about the Virginal conception of Jesus. In the center of Origen’s thoughts was the Divine Logos who accepted the human nature for the people’s salvation. Origen decided to write something on Joseph because of the satirical stories propagated by the enemies of Christianity; Celsus was the most famous among them. Some anti-Christian polemists proclaimed that Jesus was Joseph’s son, some others said that He was conceived within an illegal union of Mary with a stranger; they invented his name (Panthera). There were people who declared that Joseph and Mary had had sexual relations after the birth of Jesus; the persons called brothers and sisters of Jesus were apparently born from such a union. In such circumstances Origen started to refute the false stories and to present the Gospel’s teaching on Jesus Christ, on His Mother Mary and on Joseph. Origen underlined that Joseph was Mary’s husband, but not in the common sense of this word.
PL
Zasygnowaliśmy najważniejsze punkty nauki Orygenesa na temat św. Józefa. Dało się zauważyć, że teolog ten nie uprawiał tego, co dziś określilibyśmy jako józefologia. Nie interesował się on wprost postacią Józefa, a wspominał o nim, gdy mówił o Chrystusie i Maryi, a szczególnie o dziewiczym poczęciu Jezusa. W centrum myśli teologicznej Orygenesa był zawsze Boski Logos, który dla zbawienia ludzi przyjął ludzką naturę. Czynnikiem, który inspirował Orygenesa do pisania o Józefie, były satyryczne pogłoski, rozsiewane przez wrogów chrześcijaństwa: podczas, gdy jedni głosili, że Jezus był synem Józefa, inni dowodzili, że został poczęty w nielegalnym związku Maryi z jakimś obcym mężczyzną pod nieobecność Józefa. By nadać waloru takim pogłoskom, wymyślono nawet imię tegoż mężczyzny (Pantera). Największym polemistą antychrześcijańskim był Celsus. Jeszcze inni, nie odrzucając wprost nauki o Bożym macierzyństwie Maryi, twierdzili, że po narodzeniu Jezusa Józef i Maryja prowadzili życie małżeńskie i że z tego związku urodzili się tak zwani bracia Jezusa i Jego siostry, o których jest mowa w Ewangeliach. W takich okolicznościach Orygenes podjął zdecydowaną polemikę z fałszywymi pogłoskami i komentował naukę zawartą w Ewangeliach na temat natury Jezusa Chrystusa, Maryi jako Jego Matki oraz św. Józefa jako Jej małżonka, ale nie w potocznym tego słowa znaczeniu.
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PL
Artykuł omawia literackie sposoby przedstawienia konsekwencji szczególnej miłości Jakuba do jego młodszego syna Józefa dla braci, sposób ukazania uwiedzenia żony Potyfara w stosunku do Józefa, który zajmował podrzędną pozycję w domu Potyfara, argumenty Józefa za odmowę perswazji i strategię kłamania w zemście za odrzucenie. Analiza wykorzystania pola semantycznego miłości i pożądania oraz sposobu literackiego przedstawienia złożoności międzyludzkich relacji rodzinnych ujawnia możliwości i ograniczenia interpretacyjne. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na psychologię wrogiej reakcji braci Józefa na szczególną pozycję Józefa w sercu ich ojca Jakuba, kontrastujące zachowanie żony Potyfara i podobne przypadki w 2 Samuela 13 i Gen. 34. Ograniczenia interpretacji przejawiają się przede wszystkim w próbach wyjaśnienia psychologii zawiści, pożądania i niszczycielskich konsekwencji działania z pożądania. Najważniejszym wnioskiem z artykułu jest to, że pełne znaczenie narracji w rozdziałach 37 i 39 można dostrzec jedynie w kontekście całej historii Józefa z Księgi Rodzaju 37-50. Artykuł jest zatem częścią obszerniejszego studium historii Józefa jako całości.
EN
The article discusses the literary ways of presenting the consequences of Jacob’s special love for his younger son Joseph for his brothers, the way in which the seduction of Potiphar's wife is presented in relation to Joseph, who held a subordinate position in Potiphar's house, Joseph's arguments for refusing her persuasion and the strategy of her lying in revenge for the rejection. The analysis of the use of the semantic field of love and lust and the way of literary representation of the complexity of interpersonal family relations reveals the possibilities and limitations of interpretation. Special attention is paid to the psychology of Joseph’s brothers’ hostile response to Joseph’s special position in the heart of their father Jacob, the contrasting behaviour of Potiphar’s wife, and similar cases in 2 Samuel 13 and Gen. 34. The limits of interpretation are manifested primarily in attempts to explain the psychology of envy, lust, and the devastating consequences of acting out of lust. The most important finding of the article is that the full meaning of the narrative in chapters 37 and 39 can only be seen in the context of the whole of Joseph’s story in Genesis 37-50. The article is thus part of a more extensive study of Joseph’s story as a whole.
Vox Patrum
|
2004
|
vol. 46
579-587
EN
In der Apostel Bartholomaus-Pfarrkirche in Borkendorf befindet sich das Bild gemalt vom órtlichen Maler August Ronge (1828-1920). Das Gemalde stellt die Szene des Todes des heiligen Joseph dar, das auf Grund des aus dem IV.-VII. Jh. stammenden Apokryphs Die Legende gemalt worden ist. Laut dieser Legende starb hl. Joseph im Beisein von Jesus und Jungfrau Maria. Die Verfasserin des Aufsatzes stellt die Geschichte des Bildes dar und fiihrt seine ikonographische Analyse durch, die den tiefen theologischen Inhalt der kiinstlerischen Darstellung entdeckt.
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EN
A close relationship exists between Jesus’ death on the cross and the fact that Jesus was a carpenter. Wood, from which the tool of Jesus’ execution was fashioned, was also the dominant element of the Son of God’s everyday expe­rience. In the light of this correspondence one can see God’s plan, according to which there is a strong link not only between Nazareth and Golgotha, but also between the „cross” carried by a Christian and the content of his everyday life.
EN
The article presents the Quranic visions of the Annunciation to Mary and the birth of Jesus Christ according to sura nineteen. Their presence in the Quran and the quoted details mean that Muhammad knew the Christian contents in the beginnings of his activity and that they had an important meaning for his prognostication. Both scenes, composed together, were a kind of communication with the believers of Christianity in order to come closer and attract potential believers. This text includes lots of details and all characters shown. It gives the dialogue’s content, which took place between them. The message of Mary and Jesus proclaims their exceptionality, the distinction by God and endowment of many graces and privileges, which don’t have their precedent. On the other side it denies to the essential Christian truth about the incarnation of the Son of God, because it presents Jesus as a miraculously created human. His father isn’t Allah, or “Spirit- messenger”, or any other man. Jesus can boast only a mother, but a pure mother, innocent and perfect handmaid of God whose life was marked by great suffering, worn in some ways for her son, but also “for” and “because” of Israel. The award for her faith and obedience was the exceptional son, God’s servant and a prophet, who had a book and who, from the beginning of his life, was showing goodness for his mother, just like Allah wanted. Sura nineteen of Mecca includes many important terms and theological titles of Jesus which also Mary participates in. They emphasize their dignity, vocation and endowment. The Muslim identity of these two special characters show lots of similarities, but also significant differences from the message of the Gospel proclaimed by Christians.
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