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TRANSFORMATION OF AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND POPULAR LITERATURE IN JESENSKÝ'S CONCEPT OF THE NOVEL - 2ND PART

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Mikulova M.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

2008

vol. 55

issue 4

229-260

Janko Jesensky's novel 'Demokrati' (Democrats, vol. I -1924, vol. II -1938) has been interpreted as a political novel. We wanted to prove that it is a hidden autobiography (crypto-text). The inner content of it is determined by sadness and melancholy. Those emotional conditions make an impulse for the author to work out the theme growing in him as a commitment to himself and his parents. Inner motivation of the novel 'Demokrati' was to 'talk out' of his trauma from father's death and what caused it. The causes of his death were of political character. This theme, which was revealed after the documentary testimonies of his contemporaries and also author's personal correspondence, is projected into several characters in the novel - mainly into an advocate Dr. Landik, a politician Petrovic and a banker Rozvalida. The author's rich experiences with high political area gave him a sufficient material to construct satirically critical picture of the setting. It gained him a lot of applause among the readers. The author's goal did not tend to critical correction of the contemporary moral but was based on searching of the traditional morally constants. The world of high policy and society is confronted though values with 'low' social groups such as humanly high valuable character of a cook Hanka and her love relationship with Dr. Landik. Happy-end of that sentimental story is an author's signal that victory of good over the evil belongs to world of popular, low-priced literature, not into reality. The novel can be read though several codes: as an sentimental story, political pamphlet and in inner structure also as author's 'elegiac piece' and life balance message.

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Pastekova J.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

2007

vol. 54

issue 6

429-442

The aim of the study is to outline stratification of transformations after the ruptures of constitutional law in 1918 and 1948 and in the formative process of new national and cultural identity in the 20th century. We studied it on the materials of the literary texts. The historical research of Lubomir Liptak, the cultural studies of Ansgara Nunning and Renate Lachmann concerning national imagology - construction of the picture of oneself - served as a methodological background of the article. The changes in the literary figurativeness that indicates relationship to oneself and relationship with the others, auto and hetero-imagines comprehended in the historical crosscut as a differentiation remembering value of an authentic course of the self-identification processes. The memoirs of the WWI written by writers Jan Hrusovsky and Janko Jesensky represent two variants of the approaches toward reality. Hrusovsky's text 'Zo svetovej vojny' (From the WW) (1919) is an event record from 'below', from the position of an ordinary soldier in the front in Austria, later in Halic. He reflects his condition in the sense of horror, absurdity of a moment, and soul and flesh bifurcation. These motives appeared in the Expressionistic novels 'Muzz s protezou' (A Man with a Replacement) (1925) and 'Peter Pavel na prahu Noveho Sveta' (Peter and Pavel on the edge of the New World) (1930). The memories of Janko Jesensky's 'Cestou k slobode' (A Way to Freedom) (1933) are written from the position of 'redeemer', a member of foreign resistance, a soldier of Czechoslovak Leggie in Russia who realizes with full responsibility his involvement in formation process of the new republic and he comments the contradicted tendencies related to it. There is an agreement between Hrusovsky and Jesensky in characteristic of the Slovak national character although in the literary solution they accented the different poles of the way to the national independence: in case of Hrusovský it is individual self-identification and in case of Jesensky it is self-identification of the collective. The contribution of the study is the focus on another layer of reception of the WWI in Slovak literature after 1948. The authoress observes editorial praxis and evidence of the history of literature (absence) of the former memoirs (noetic vanishing point), and late concurrence in the late impulses of Modernism in the 60s of the 20th century (poetics).

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2 Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

1 Mikulova M.

1 Pastekova J.

1 2008

1 2007

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TRANSFORMATION OF AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND POPULAR LITERATURE IN JESENSKÝ'S CONCEPT OF THE NOVEL - 2ND PART

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